Spring no-till straw smashing technology model

1. Technical operation points (1) Straw comminution shallow rotary ploughing: after the autumn harvest, keep the straw standing upright, smash and evenly spread the straw on the ground with the straw comminution and returning machine, and then use the rotary cultivator to rotate the corn 6-7 centimeters for the winter . (2) Pre-sowing topsoil treatment: Before the spring sowing, use the rotary cultivator to rotate shallowly (6-7 cm) to level the surface and raise the temperature of the surface of the land to create good conditions for sowing and seedling emergence. (3) Sowing: Complete the fertilizing and sowing operations with a no-tillage fertilizer sowing machine. (4) Field management: artificial seedlings, supplementary seedlings, and timely control of pests and weeds. 2. Supporting agronomics (1) Balanced fertilization: Basal fertilizers are best used for maize special fertilizers with a nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratio of 1:0.5:0.3, with a dosage of 50-75 kg (nutrient content of 25%). The growth period should be determined by the emergence of seedlings. Fertilizer quantity. (2) Selection of improved varieties: According to the frost-free period of the application area and whether the plastic film is covered or not, select good varieties such as Jindan 24 and Shandan 911. (3) Integrated control of pests and diseases: The return of straw to the field can easily lead to the increase of underground pests. Therefore, it is necessary to add organic phosphorus poisonous antler to the soil in combination with sowing to prevent underground pests. At the same time, coated seeds containing silkhead blackheads and smuts should be selected. 3. Efficacy This technical model can effectively increase the organic matter of the soil, increase the ability to retain manure, preserve fertilizer and resist erosion, and play a significant role in dust and sand fixation. Compared with traditional planting methods, the cost of farming increases corn stalk crushing fee by about 10 yuan per mu, but reduces the cost of spring ploughing by about 10 yuan. The soil moisture content increased by 15.58%, and the no-tillage straw smashed and returned to farmland increased the yield by about 10%. At the same time, there was obvious fertility and fertility in the straw returning field.