Late rice cold dew prevention measures

The dew-free wind refers to the autumn cold weather caused by the first strong cold air after the middle and late September, and it is a severely disastrous weather in the late growth period of late rice. Late rice needs to have higher temperature conditions from the spike differentiation to the grain filling stage, with the temperature of 25-28°C and the fine weather being the best. If this period encounters low temperature weather with average temperature lower than 20°C (Japonica rice), 21°C (Japonica rice), and 23°C (Japonica hybrid rice) for consecutive days, the growth and development will be affected, and the grain size will be short and the pollen development will be incomplete. , heading flowers blocked, poor grouting and other abnormal phenomena. In order to prevent and mitigate the harm of cold dewness to late rice, in addition to the selection of hardy-tolerant varieties, rational arrangement of sowing, intercropping, and enhancement of fertilizer and water management, the following measures should be taken.
First, spray insulation agent. There are two types of insulation agents, one of which is made from petroleum by-products. This kind of insulation agent is sprayed on the leaves to form a layer of film, thus playing a role in insulation. The other type is made of other chemical by-products as raw materials. Spraying on the stems and leaves will form a small piece of membrane covering the pores, inhibiting transpiration, reducing heat consumption, and playing a role in insulation.
Second, irrigation deep water insulation. Before the cold dew wind arrives, 7-10 cm deep water is poured, and the water temperature is 2-3°C higher than the temperature. The mud temperature is 0.8-1.9°C higher than the shallow irrigation and non-irrigation fields, and the panicle temperature is 0.6-1.2°C higher. Deep water irrigation, long holding time, irrigation 10 cm deeper than the irrigation of 7 cm longer than 8 hours.
Third, the application of plant ash. A certain amount of ash, fire ash or coal ash is applied 1-2 days before the cold dew wind, which can not only increase the temperature of the mud surface and the temperature of the panicle, but also improve the microclimate in the field and provide nutrients. Because these heat-absorbing substances contain high potassium, they can be used for rice absorption after cold dew, which helps to promote the recovery of roots, stems, and leaves of late rice, enhance the stamina, and increase the seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight.
Fourth, spray fertilizer. 150-250g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 500-700g of urea and 500g of superphosphate are sprayed on 75-85kg of water per acre one day before the arrival of cold dew wind, and the seed-setting rate is 6-7% higher than that of non-spraying. Thousand-grain weight increased 0.5 grams.
V. Spray "920". Before and after the cold dew wind, spraying 1 kg of “90%” on 50kg of water per acre for late-heading rice can reduce the heading of hybrid rice effectively.

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