How to grow rape? Rape planting management technology

Rape is native to China and belongs to the Brassica chinensis variety. The spherical oil content of seeds is 35 to 50 percent. Rape is cultivated throughout China and is available for production in all seasons. Rapeseed is nutritious and the value of the diet is better than most vegetables. The vitamin C contained in rapeseed is more than twice as high as that of Chinese cabbage. It has the effects of promoting blood circulation, detoxification and swelling, wide bowel laxative, and strengthening the body. Rapeseed can also be used to treat dandruff, stagnation, chyle, habitual constipation, calcium deficiency in the elderly. Here is a brief introduction to the technical points of rapeseed cultivation management:

First, the seedbed management, to achieve "four early"

Four mornings and early morning uniform seedlings, morning seedlings, early seedlings, and early application of seedlings. Combine the seedlings (the seedlings are one heart and one heart, then start the seedlings; when the seedlings are three to four leaves, start the seedlings: 40-70 seedlings per square meter of seedlings, take the removal part of the over-exposed area, remove the weak seedlings , high-footed seedlings, bent-legged seedlings, at the same time with each picking water manure plus 0.5kg of calcium phosphate and 0.2kg of urea for pouring; seedling fertilizer in the five to six leaf stage (ie 10-20 days before transplanting), each The mu seed bed is spread with 10 kg of urea (rainy days). If it is sunny, it should be diluted with water and manure, and 3-7 days before transplanting, omethoate or cypermethrin plus 0.2% borax, 0.4% urea for foliar fertilizer Spray "send crop fertilizer".

Second, do a good job in the prevention and control of pests and diseases in the seedbed

Seedling disease control. The main pests and diseases in the seedling stage are cabbage caterpillars, aphids, and occasionally a small amount of downy mildew. The cabbage caterpillar is mainly controlled by pyrethroid pesticides, and the aphids are controlled by imidacloprid. Occasionally, there are downyzil with downy mildew, carbendazim control or metalaxyl prevention. One day before transplanting, the enemy can kill 5mm, and the mites will be sprayed with 10-15kg of water.

Third, pay attention to drought, drought and rain

Drought should be based on water, and some fermented pig manure should be added and poured until the end of the drought. It can also be covered with straw such as corn. In the case of heavy rain, the ditch should be cleaned at all times to reduce the damage and disease.

4. Transplanting and field management

Strong seedling standards. The seedling age is 30-35 days, the rhizome is thick, short and straight, reaching "three six" or "three seven". Miaozi reached the "three six" standard: "six inches high, six leaves, 15px thick roots", that is to say the roots are thick and short, "three seven" and so on.

1. Transplanting. Graded transplanting was carried out, with 6000-8000 plants per mu, 6000 plants with strong seedlings, 8,000 weak seedlings or weaker seedlings, and 12,000 live seedlings. 3500-4000 plants were planted with corn. Recommended specifications: 1000px × 650px, (6440 plants per mu); 825px × 750px (6100 plants per acre); 662.5px × 650px (7800 plants per acre).

2. Daejeon management:

(1) Fertilization. High-yield fertilization formula: After planting, the roots are poured with clear manure water. After the survival (5-7 days), apply 40% (20:12:8) of rapeseed formula fertilizer (miaofei) 15 kg; interval 10-15 days, re-apply the fertilizer, apply 25 kg of the above formula fertilizer; Moss fertilizer (about 1 in the middle of January of the following year), apply 50% (30:0:20) of rapeseed formula fertilizer (lime fertilizer) 5 kg; spray 0.1-0.2% urea during flowering and pod formation 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. In addition, spraying 0.2% borax aqueous solution in the late stage of seedling and convulsion period to prevent the phenomenon of “flowers and unreality”; the recommended formula for large-scale farmers to fertilize: a. Root water is poured with clear manure; b. After survival (5-7 days after planting) 7.5 kg of urea or 20 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 25 kg of superphosphate, 1.5 kg of potassium chloride, 20-30 for drenching water; c, interval 10-15, using the above b formula is applied once more; d, buds, ash, ash, fertilizer, 500-1000 kg, mixed with thick manure, used as wax fertilizer; e, flower bud period, using boron fertilizer 1-2, two water spray The field where the buds are particularly prosperous can be sprayed once with paclobutrazol 1 and 50 kg of water (low content of 50 kg of water).

(2) Weeding and dehumidification. Weeds were used to control weeds 10 days before planting. The swollen water in rapeseed field will seriously affect the production of rapeseed, and at the same time increase the occurrence of pests and diseases, especially the rapeseed planted in the paddy field. It must open the side ditch, the back ditch and the lumbar ditch, and the larger block of the field should open the cross ditch, the Jingzi ditch. The main trench is more than 1000px deep.

(3) Pest control. The main pests in the growth period of rapeseed field are aphids, which are generally controlled by imidacloprid; the main diseases are downy mildew, powdery mildew and sclerotinia. The disease is mainly based on the prevention and control of agronomic measures, that is, dehumidification, strict control of N, and application of P and K fertilizer. The prevention and treatment of sclerotinia disease is to select resistant varieties, and the second is to drain moisture. The above pest control is controlled by broad-spectrum fungicides such as thiophanate, carbendazim, metalaxyl, and rust.

Do a good job in rapeseed planting management, in order to promote rapeseed production and income, thereby increasing planting efficiency!

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