Mountain chickens practical technical points

Mountain chickens use various forest belts, orchards, and hills and nests to raise chickens. Mountain chickens have the following advantages: First, reduce investment and reduce costs. In mountainous areas, chickens can eat more green feed and insects, supplement protein, vitamins, minerals, etc., and reduce the amount of feed used. In addition, the chickens use natural rainwater to wash the fields and use ultraviolet radiation to sterilize the sun, saving them. The expense of the disinfectant; plus the chickens stocked in the mountains, returned to the chicken shed at night, the density can be larger, thus saving the shed. The second is to increase the playing field of chickens, enhance their physical fitness, increase their resistance to disease, and increase the survival rate of chickens. Third, chickens have good coat color, luster and meat quality, and have high market prices, which directly increase economic income. Therefore, the development of mountain chicken is a good way for mountain farmers to get rid of poverty. Variety selection Mountain chickens are characterized by grazing. In the selection of breeds, it is advisable to choose suitable grazing, strong disease resistance of local chickens or miscellaneous chickens, such as Yangshan chicken, Qingyuan chicken chicken, Sanhuang beard chicken, and Zhongshan sand bar. Chickens, apricot chickens, Xinyi Huaixiang chickens, Guangxi chickens and other local varieties are suitable for breeding in the mountains. These breeds are all mature varieties suitable for mountain grazing after long-term breeding. Although the growth rate is slow and the feed is low, but the meat is delicious, the price is high, and the profit is large, it should be used as the preferred breed for mountain breeding. Feed selection In general, high-quality chickens have a slower growth rate and require lower feed nutrient levels. However, they cannot feed only a single feed to avoid nutritional deficiencies, affect growth and development, and reduce survival. Should choose high-quality chicken series full price pellets or mixed feed. The following table is a reference formula for high quality mixed chicken feed. In addition, some mixed ingredients can be replaced by miscellaneous grains such as pumpkins, sweet potatoes, and cassava grown in the mountains. The choice of venue for the selection of venues for mountain chickens is related to health and epidemic prevention, the growth of chickens, and the efficiency of the workers, as well as the success or failure of raising chickens. Site selection should follow the following principles: (1) It is not only beneficial to prevention but also convenient transportation. (2) The site should be selected in Gaolang, dry and well-drained areas. (3) There should be shady equipment in the venue to prevent sun exposure or rain and cold. (4) The site must have water and power, and it must be kept in a safe place to prevent it from being lost and into the bacteria. In addition, the requirements for the design of the chicken house are: ventilation, dryness, warm winter, cool in summer, and the seat should be north to south. Feeding and management First, chicks feeding and management points. The growth and development of chickens is characterized by poor body temperature regulation, rapid growth, imperfect digestive function, poor resistance to disease, strong sensitivity, hi group, and timidity. Therefore, in the rearing management must pay attention to the following points: 1, to meet the requirements of the chick's external environmental conditions. (1) Temperature. It is the primary condition for brooding. The indoor temperature requirements for brooding are: 0—1 week old, 33-30°C; 1-2 weeks old, 30-37°C; 2-3 weeks old, 27-24°C; 3-4 weeks old, 24-21°C; Keep normal temperature after age. (2) Humidity. The relative humidity in our province is higher than 60% throughout the year, so there will be no excessively low humidity, mainly due to the high humidity. (3) Ventilation. Faeces and litter, under the influence of microorganisms, temperature and moisture, will decompose to generate a large number of harmful gases - ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, so the house requires good ventilation, open more convection windows or exhaust fan. (4) Light. The continuous light can be maintained for 24 hours in one week of age. The general requirement is to reduce the illumination time and intensity relatively as the age of chicks increases. (5) Density. In order to ensure that chicks get sufficient exercise and reduce disease, density requirements are: 1 - 10 days of age, 70-80 / m2; 11-20 days of age, 50-70 / m2; 21-30 days Age, 30-40/m2; 31-40 days, 20-30/m2; 41 days later, 10/m2. 2, to meet the nutritional needs of chickens, provide adequate drinking water and full-priced feed. 3, management attention to observe the life of chickens in order to find problems in a timely manner. 4, according to the immunization program to inoculate a good vaccine, which is the key to the success of raising chickens. Second, the feeding and management points of the stocking stage. The stocking includes the middle chicken stage (40-90 days old) and the big chicken stage (90-150 days old). The middle chicken stage mainly forms bones and muscles. The big chicken stage has long fat and long feathers, according to its growth and development characteristics, In the rearing management, do the following: 1. In the early stages of the chicken, give enough nutrients, especially proteins, minerals and vitamins. 2. The transition from indoor breeding to stocking and chicken feed conversion to Chinese chicken feed must have a gradual transition period of 7-10 days in order to avoid stress-induced losses. 3, small cocks to be timely castration (around 45 days), high success rate, less stress. 4. The pastureland is required to be spacious, well-circumscribed, without standing water, shaded, with grass and sand grains. 5, regular insecticide, 60 days of age once, 90-100 days once, into the fattening period 2-3 days once, a total of three times. 6, feed the chicken stage should be appropriately increased the proportion of energy feed, so that there is a modest fat deposition, to achieve the purpose of fattening market. 7. The management of the fattening period requires the reduction of chicken movement, proper shading, keeping quiet, and temperature control within 20°C. Disease control leads to many causes of chicken disease, physical factors, such as improper feed mix, too low temperature, stress and trauma; chemical factors, such as drug overdose, mistakenly eating pesticides inhalation of harmful gases, etc.; biological factors, mainly Invading pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, the following points should be grasped in the prevention and treatment of diseases: First, firmly establish the view of prevention and treatment. This is the basic principle for disease prevention and treatment. However, among the farmers in our county, many of them are treating the disease lightly, resulting in high disease incidence, large deaths, heavy costs, and low benefits. Second, set up the point of view with disease (bacteria) seedlings to prevent disease. This is the most important, most effective, and most economical measure to prevent and treat diseases. Most major infectious diseases can be prevented through vaccination. Whether the vaccination is successful or not is directly related to the maternal antibody, inoculation method, and vaccination time of chickens. Therefore, different chicken farms have different immunization procedures. The following table is a reference procedure for the immunity of chickens: Third, establish a comprehensive prevention and control point of view. That is to say, from construction sites, seedlings, to feeding and management, all links must be considered from the perspective of favoring prevention of diseases. This is the general requirement of the epidemic prevention rules and is the basic requirement for industrialization and intensification of the chicken industry. China Agricultural Network Editor

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