Solid cultivation techniques
2022-08-22 09:04:35
It is a 1-year-old aquatic herb. It is a dual-purpose medicinal herb. It is used as a medicine for medicinal purposes. It has the benefits of astringent essence, replenishing spleen, diarrhea, tranquilizing and so on. It also treats diabetes, spleen edema and other symptoms. The kernels contain a large amount of starch, protein, fatty oil, vitamin C and trace elements such as calcium, iron and phosphorus, which are rich in nutrition and can be used as therapeutic health products. As its wild resources have been reduced year by year, and there is a shortage of listed commodities, there has been a gap in supply and demand in the market in recent years, and prices have continued to rise, and the market outlook is promising. Therefore, there is a bright prospect for artificial planting, and qualified farmers and farmers can develop production according to local conditions. It is mainly produced in Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guizhou, Sichuan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hebei, and Northeastern provinces, all of which are suitable for cultivation in China. Now its artificial cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:
The selected sites are well-behaved with a warm climate and a well-lit aquatic environment. It is advisable to choose fields, ponds, ditches, marshes and lakes where the water source is reliable, and to use loose, medium-strength slime as the bottom soil. Any sand-laden stream and excessively acidic cold water ponds should not be planted.
Seeding (1) Seed live: can be divided into spring and autumn sowing. Spring sowing in March to April, autumn sowing in September to October, the use of fresh seeds in autumn is better. When sowing, if the soil is slightly dry, the seeds can be directly sprinkled in the soil; if the pond is more water, the seeds can not be sown uniformly, the wet soil can be made into small soil groups, each group is mixed with 2 to 3 seeds, and then according to the line The spacing of 120150cm is sowed in water, and the seed sinks into the water with the soil mass, and it can grow. (2) Transplanting of young shoots: The plants that have been planted in the first year can no longer be sown in the second year. However, because the fruit matures, it will naturally split and some of the seeds will be scattered in the pond. The next year, they can germinate and grow. When the leaves emerge to the surface and their diameter is 15 to 20 cm, they can be transplanted.
Management (1) Homogenous seedlings: If the seedlings surface after emergence, if uneven density, should be appropriate seedlings, transplanted too dense seedlings to the lack of seedlings. When transplanting seedlings, pinch the roots with your feet and press them into the mud. Don't cut off the tender stems. In combination with uniform seedlings, the weeds in the pond can be removed to facilitate the growth of seedlings. (2) Regulation of water volume: The key to sturdy high yield is to timely adjust the water level. According to the production experience, the principle of water transfer is “Spring shallow, summer deep, autumn and winter storageâ€. It is shallow in spring and can be exposed to sunlight. It can increase the temperature of the group and help the growth of seedlings. The water depth in summer can extend the elongation of the petiole. In the fall, proper water release can promote fruit ripening; winter water storage can make the seeds safely overwinter on the water bottom. In order to increase economic efficiency, species of compacted ponds can be used for fish farming at the same time, but they must choose fish species that are not harmful to compaction, such as squid and squid. The fish feed and fish excrement that are put into the pond can all be used as compacted fertilizer without additional fertilization. (3) Prevention of pests and diseases: During May to June, locusts harmed the leaves, causing them to shrink and shrink. In severe cases, the whole plant died. Control methods can be used 40% dimethoate EC 800 ~ 1500 times sprayed foliar killing.
The harvesting and processing spring seeds are harvested in the year of the spring and autumn. Usually from September to October, when the peel is red-brown, it can be cut in batches. After the fruit is harvested, the barbed skin is hammered with a wooden rod, etc., the seeds are removed, the hard shell is removed, and the fruit is dried. The fruit can also be piled on the ground, after the skin rot, wash and dry, and then remove the shell, the dried fruit can be dried. The average yield of dried seeds per mu is 120-150kg, and the rate of dried seeds is about 70%. The quality is better without shells, no crumbs, full grain and fresh color.
The selected sites are well-behaved with a warm climate and a well-lit aquatic environment. It is advisable to choose fields, ponds, ditches, marshes and lakes where the water source is reliable, and to use loose, medium-strength slime as the bottom soil. Any sand-laden stream and excessively acidic cold water ponds should not be planted.
Seeding (1) Seed live: can be divided into spring and autumn sowing. Spring sowing in March to April, autumn sowing in September to October, the use of fresh seeds in autumn is better. When sowing, if the soil is slightly dry, the seeds can be directly sprinkled in the soil; if the pond is more water, the seeds can not be sown uniformly, the wet soil can be made into small soil groups, each group is mixed with 2 to 3 seeds, and then according to the line The spacing of 120150cm is sowed in water, and the seed sinks into the water with the soil mass, and it can grow. (2) Transplanting of young shoots: The plants that have been planted in the first year can no longer be sown in the second year. However, because the fruit matures, it will naturally split and some of the seeds will be scattered in the pond. The next year, they can germinate and grow. When the leaves emerge to the surface and their diameter is 15 to 20 cm, they can be transplanted.
Management (1) Homogenous seedlings: If the seedlings surface after emergence, if uneven density, should be appropriate seedlings, transplanted too dense seedlings to the lack of seedlings. When transplanting seedlings, pinch the roots with your feet and press them into the mud. Don't cut off the tender stems. In combination with uniform seedlings, the weeds in the pond can be removed to facilitate the growth of seedlings. (2) Regulation of water volume: The key to sturdy high yield is to timely adjust the water level. According to the production experience, the principle of water transfer is “Spring shallow, summer deep, autumn and winter storageâ€. It is shallow in spring and can be exposed to sunlight. It can increase the temperature of the group and help the growth of seedlings. The water depth in summer can extend the elongation of the petiole. In the fall, proper water release can promote fruit ripening; winter water storage can make the seeds safely overwinter on the water bottom. In order to increase economic efficiency, species of compacted ponds can be used for fish farming at the same time, but they must choose fish species that are not harmful to compaction, such as squid and squid. The fish feed and fish excrement that are put into the pond can all be used as compacted fertilizer without additional fertilization. (3) Prevention of pests and diseases: During May to June, locusts harmed the leaves, causing them to shrink and shrink. In severe cases, the whole plant died. Control methods can be used 40% dimethoate EC 800 ~ 1500 times sprayed foliar killing.
The harvesting and processing spring seeds are harvested in the year of the spring and autumn. Usually from September to October, when the peel is red-brown, it can be cut in batches. After the fruit is harvested, the barbed skin is hammered with a wooden rod, etc., the seeds are removed, the hard shell is removed, and the fruit is dried. The fruit can also be piled on the ground, after the skin rot, wash and dry, and then remove the shell, the dried fruit can be dried. The average yield of dried seeds per mu is 120-150kg, and the rate of dried seeds is about 70%. The quality is better without shells, no crumbs, full grain and fresh color.
Due to people's concerns about health, plant products from natural sources have also received widespread attention. Natural plant tea cuts are products made by direct shearing, crushing, and other physical processing of pure plants. The product retains all the original characteristics of the plant, and the properties of the product are better packaged and can be easily transported to different places.
At the same time, the active ingredients of the product are not damaged. It is widely used in functional tea and other fields. Common products are: astragalus cut, burdock cut,etc.
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