Peach cultivation techniques
2019-06-08 17:03:33
1. Peach trees are grafted and propagated as rootstocks, and grafting methods are suitable for budding or cutting. (Jiangnan area should be selected strong anti-striking gum disease South Green Peach breeding seedlings)
2, peach trees planted in winter and spring is more appropriate, autumn can also be planted. The density is 43 meters and the mountain is 3.52.5 meters. Wait until adulthood is too dense and then gradually dredge out. The hole is 80100 cm wide and about 50 cm deep.
3, peach tree pruning is very important, time winter cut: natural happy type, two main branch happy type and oblique palm leaf fan, etc., Xia Xiu is mainly to pick up the heart, control leggy.
4. Some pollen-free peach trees are poorly pollinated, such as New White Flower, Annong, Hongyanlu, Sand, Zaojulu, Snow Dew, Rose Dew, Okubo, and Grand View No. 1 as pollination trees. Some varieties of mixed plants can be cross-pollinated more than two to improve the seed setting rate.
5, fertilization: The main soil fertilizer, appropriate application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and a small amount of calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron and other trace elements, to apply enough base fertilizer, top dressing should be before flowering, fruit expansion and fruit picking After each time.
6, control of pests and diseases:
(1) Peach brown rot: The main damage to the fruit, the initial appearance of brown round lesions on the fruit surface, and then expand and the whole fruit, the pulp brown soft rot. Control methods: To clear the source of overwintering bacteria, control of weevil, peach aphid and other disseminators, germination and bullying Baume 4-5 degrees lime sulfur agent, but also use Senzin zinc, thiophanate and other antibacterial drugs.
(2) Peach Anthracnose: The main damage to the fruit, the occurrence of wet and heavy rain, May is the peak period of onset, young fruit after the damage becomes a peach. After swelling, the fruit expands into round, reddish-brown and pitted lesions from water-stained lesions. Control methods: Clear the source of overwintering, spray 4-5 degrees lime sulfur and thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim bacteriocin special antibacterial drugs in early spring.
(3) Peach leaf thinning disease: The overwintering bacteria spread in the peach sprouts, invaded after crumpling and distorting into the deformed leaves, and the diseased leaves became fat and gradually turned reddish-brown. The prevention and control methods were basically the same as the above two diseases.
(4) Bacterial perforation of peach: Overwintering pathogens are transmitted by wind and rain and insects in April-May. The leaves begin to be water-stained and small spots. The latter lesions expand into multi-purpose, reddish-brown, and perforation and fallen leaves are caused after the lesions are dry. Afterwards it will harm the fruit. The prevention and treatment methods are basically the same as the above three diseases.
(5) Bacterial root cancer: Apples, peaches, plums, plums, cherries, grapes, and other fruits are susceptible. The disease source survives in the soil and spreads along with water, soil and insects, and is invaded by wounds. Seedlings are hindered from development after their development, and they grow slowly and their lifespan is shortened. Control methods: Select disease-free nursery plots to prevent double plague, remove nodules, protect the wound with Tu stone sulfur and Bordeaux mixture, and immerse the roots of the seedlings with 10 minutes of germicide. Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences has K84 pesticides have control effect.
(6) Peach rot disease, also known as fluid injection disease, wintering bacteria spread by the wind, insects, etc. spread in the April-May epidemic, from the grain of plastic flow to the tree rod flow glue, until the death of the tree, prevention and treatment Methods available antibacterial drugs, alkaline water, gentian violet, 402,843 rehabilitation agent, potassium permanganate and so on. In the more rainy areas of southern China, it is necessary to use southern saplings to raise seedlings. It has strong resistance.
(7) Myzus persicae: In the North, it occurs in the second generation, and in the South and Five Dynasties, the eggs in the bark overwinter. The larvae enter the fruit heart from the fruit stems, causing brown rot and affecting fruit quality. Control methods: elimination of overwintering eggs, spray spawning of fenitrothion 1000 times or 1200 times or dichlorvos, 40000x kill Ju fat. Late-maturing peach bags can prevent pests and can significantly improve quality.
7. Peach Weevil, Myzus Persicae, Peach Pear Food, and Peach Moth Spider, all of which can be used for the above insecticides.
8, peach trees regardless of the establishment of the garden or nursery, avoid continuous cropping, to be separated by 3-5 years.
2, peach trees planted in winter and spring is more appropriate, autumn can also be planted. The density is 43 meters and the mountain is 3.52.5 meters. Wait until adulthood is too dense and then gradually dredge out. The hole is 80100 cm wide and about 50 cm deep.
3, peach tree pruning is very important, time winter cut: natural happy type, two main branch happy type and oblique palm leaf fan, etc., Xia Xiu is mainly to pick up the heart, control leggy.
4. Some pollen-free peach trees are poorly pollinated, such as New White Flower, Annong, Hongyanlu, Sand, Zaojulu, Snow Dew, Rose Dew, Okubo, and Grand View No. 1 as pollination trees. Some varieties of mixed plants can be cross-pollinated more than two to improve the seed setting rate.
5, fertilization: The main soil fertilizer, appropriate application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and a small amount of calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron and other trace elements, to apply enough base fertilizer, top dressing should be before flowering, fruit expansion and fruit picking After each time.
6, control of pests and diseases:
(1) Peach brown rot: The main damage to the fruit, the initial appearance of brown round lesions on the fruit surface, and then expand and the whole fruit, the pulp brown soft rot. Control methods: To clear the source of overwintering bacteria, control of weevil, peach aphid and other disseminators, germination and bullying Baume 4-5 degrees lime sulfur agent, but also use Senzin zinc, thiophanate and other antibacterial drugs.
(2) Peach Anthracnose: The main damage to the fruit, the occurrence of wet and heavy rain, May is the peak period of onset, young fruit after the damage becomes a peach. After swelling, the fruit expands into round, reddish-brown and pitted lesions from water-stained lesions. Control methods: Clear the source of overwintering, spray 4-5 degrees lime sulfur and thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim bacteriocin special antibacterial drugs in early spring.
(3) Peach leaf thinning disease: The overwintering bacteria spread in the peach sprouts, invaded after crumpling and distorting into the deformed leaves, and the diseased leaves became fat and gradually turned reddish-brown. The prevention and control methods were basically the same as the above two diseases.
(4) Bacterial perforation of peach: Overwintering pathogens are transmitted by wind and rain and insects in April-May. The leaves begin to be water-stained and small spots. The latter lesions expand into multi-purpose, reddish-brown, and perforation and fallen leaves are caused after the lesions are dry. Afterwards it will harm the fruit. The prevention and treatment methods are basically the same as the above three diseases.
(5) Bacterial root cancer: Apples, peaches, plums, plums, cherries, grapes, and other fruits are susceptible. The disease source survives in the soil and spreads along with water, soil and insects, and is invaded by wounds. Seedlings are hindered from development after their development, and they grow slowly and their lifespan is shortened. Control methods: Select disease-free nursery plots to prevent double plague, remove nodules, protect the wound with Tu stone sulfur and Bordeaux mixture, and immerse the roots of the seedlings with 10 minutes of germicide. Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences has K84 pesticides have control effect.
(6) Peach rot disease, also known as fluid injection disease, wintering bacteria spread by the wind, insects, etc. spread in the April-May epidemic, from the grain of plastic flow to the tree rod flow glue, until the death of the tree, prevention and treatment Methods available antibacterial drugs, alkaline water, gentian violet, 402,843 rehabilitation agent, potassium permanganate and so on. In the more rainy areas of southern China, it is necessary to use southern saplings to raise seedlings. It has strong resistance.
(7) Myzus persicae: In the North, it occurs in the second generation, and in the South and Five Dynasties, the eggs in the bark overwinter. The larvae enter the fruit heart from the fruit stems, causing brown rot and affecting fruit quality. Control methods: elimination of overwintering eggs, spray spawning of fenitrothion 1000 times or 1200 times or dichlorvos, 40000x kill Ju fat. Late-maturing peach bags can prevent pests and can significantly improve quality.
7. Peach Weevil, Myzus Persicae, Peach Pear Food, and Peach Moth Spider, all of which can be used for the above insecticides.
8, peach trees regardless of the establishment of the garden or nursery, avoid continuous cropping, to be separated by 3-5 years.
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