Obscure Oriental biology and breeding techniques
2024-11-10 05:59:44
Obscure Oriental is a genus of Aegilomorpha, which is located in the middle and lower reaches of the rivers along the coast and in the sea. It is commonly known as Rugao. Its meat is delicious, its fat and protein content are high, but its skin, gonads, liver, and blood Combined with toxins. In particular, it is the most toxic during reproduction. “Is it hard to eat river?†is a true portrayal of its taste and toxicity. This fish has a certain ornamental value, because when it was attacked by a fierce fish, the airbag quickly inflated, the fish was spherical, and quickly rose to the surface of the water. The scene is quite novel, so some aquariums classify it as an ornamental fish. We introduced this fish in 1995 at Yunlong Lake Water World in Xuzhou. The biology and breeding techniques of this fish are summarized below.
First, the biology of the dark east?
1. Morphological features: Adults of the Obsidian Oriental are generally 20-30 cm long and weigh 150-500 grams. The body is oval in shape with an obtuse front and a narrow tail. The mouth is open and horizontal. Eyes small, side up. Nostrils l, significant. The back of the dorsal fin is almost opposite to the anal fin. No pelvic fins, caudal fins truncate. Obvious lateral lines, 2 on each side, respectively, in the dorsal and ventral side. Body backs and ventrals are covered with small thorns. The back and the upper part of the body have gray-brown transverse bands of 4-5 strands, and the lower side and abdomen are orange to white. There is a dark spot above the pectoral fins and at the base of the dorsal fins, with yellow anal fins. Body color varies with body length and environmental water quality.
2. Ecological habits: It is a migratory fish that inhabits the middle and lower layers of the waters. When encountering foreign enemies, the abdomen airbag expands rapidly, making the body spherical, floating on the water surface, and at the same time erecting skin thorns to protect itself. Young fish are fattened in rivers or lakes. Then the sea of ​​humans grows and develops into sexual maturity and then enters freshwater spawning. Is omnivorous fish, a wide range of food, juvenile fish diet slightly different from adult fish, mainly to feed on zooplankton and small fry. The adult animal food includes fish, shrimp, snails, cockroaches, insect larvae, horns, copepods, and the like; the vegetable contents include the leaves of higher plants, filamentous algae, and the like. Domestication can also be fed artificial diet.
3. Breeding habits: strong fertility. The breeding season is from April to June of each year. The mature ovaries are pale purple, and the size of the left and right ovaries varies. Generally, the left and right ovary are small and the egg yolk is full of yolk, so it is opaque. Eggs are sink eggs. The broodstock's fertility is generally 120,000 to 300,000 grains. Testis is large and milky white. Fertilized eggs hatch larvae in 6-7 days and absorb about 6 days from newly hatched larvae to yolk sac.
Second, aquaculture technology
1. Required conditions: Breeding dark lines Eastern best choice for quiet areas, and good lighting, water injection and drainage. The water quality is good. Breeding water temperature is best maintained at 18 C or more, the optimum growth temperature is 22-28 degrees. Significant decline in food intake at 16 degrees, starting at 1°C. Activity decreased, and death began at 7°C.
2. Food: Dark East? For omnivorous fish. Wide range of food habits. However, animal feeds with more than 45% protein and nutrient-rich foods, such as fish, shrimp, snail, quail meat, etc., are preferred to quail and silkworms. If the intake of artificial feed, the amount of protein to maintain more than 30% to meet the normal growth needs. Generally, the feeding amount is between 10% and 12% of the fish body weight, but don't feed fresh live aquatic animals for a long time without feeding artificial diet. Should be matched with each other to avoid developing picky eating habits. From the perspective of growth, if it is used as an ornamental fish, it is better to feed fresh aquatic animals and apes.
3. Water quality management: The requirements for water quality are relatively high. It requires the amount of oxygen in the water body to be above 15mg and the pH value is 7-8.5. In summer, the weather is sultry, and new water should be replaced frequently. Oxygen-increasing facilities must be provided to ensure that there is sufficient dissolved oxygen and to avoid death due to lack of oxygen in floating heads. The best conditions to install filtration facilities, both to improve water quality and increase dissolved oxygen, winter management should be done well over winter, pay attention to water temperature maintained at 16 °C above, the temperature can not exceed 3 °C.
4. Disease prevention and control: Before the fish species are stocked, the ponds must be thoroughly disinfected. The best disinfectant currently is to push strong chlorine (trichloroisocyanuric acid). The fish species also need to be disinfected and can be soaked in 20-30 minutes with 15ppm-20ppm potassium permanganate. In the breeding process, there are few diseases. Common only is the rotten tail, small melon insects, enteritis and other diseases. The prevention and treatment of these three diseases are now described as follows:
(l) Tail disease: The treatment of this disease can be immersed for 30 minutes with 50,000 mg of furacillin or 20 ppm of potassium permanganate; the use of 1.5 mg of nitrofurazone or 1.5 ppm of erythromycin thiocyanate can be used for sprinkling. Splash treatment.
(2) Squash echinococcosis: 0.1 ppm of mercuric nitrate can be used for Quanchiposa (for example, this method can be used for ornamental purposes. If not as a food fish). It is also possible to use 1.5ppm-2ppm methylene blue Quanchiposa. Conditional water temperature can be raised to 28 °C, but also treat the disease.
(3) enteritis; can use 0.3ppm strong chlorine fine to carry out splashing, and oral administration of furazolidone for treatment. If the culture is used as an ornamental, you can use Fish Lexiao (aquarium gastro-intestinal preventive medicine) mixed with baits for treatment.
First, the biology of the dark east?
1. Morphological features: Adults of the Obsidian Oriental are generally 20-30 cm long and weigh 150-500 grams. The body is oval in shape with an obtuse front and a narrow tail. The mouth is open and horizontal. Eyes small, side up. Nostrils l, significant. The back of the dorsal fin is almost opposite to the anal fin. No pelvic fins, caudal fins truncate. Obvious lateral lines, 2 on each side, respectively, in the dorsal and ventral side. Body backs and ventrals are covered with small thorns. The back and the upper part of the body have gray-brown transverse bands of 4-5 strands, and the lower side and abdomen are orange to white. There is a dark spot above the pectoral fins and at the base of the dorsal fins, with yellow anal fins. Body color varies with body length and environmental water quality.
2. Ecological habits: It is a migratory fish that inhabits the middle and lower layers of the waters. When encountering foreign enemies, the abdomen airbag expands rapidly, making the body spherical, floating on the water surface, and at the same time erecting skin thorns to protect itself. Young fish are fattened in rivers or lakes. Then the sea of ​​humans grows and develops into sexual maturity and then enters freshwater spawning. Is omnivorous fish, a wide range of food, juvenile fish diet slightly different from adult fish, mainly to feed on zooplankton and small fry. The adult animal food includes fish, shrimp, snails, cockroaches, insect larvae, horns, copepods, and the like; the vegetable contents include the leaves of higher plants, filamentous algae, and the like. Domestication can also be fed artificial diet.
3. Breeding habits: strong fertility. The breeding season is from April to June of each year. The mature ovaries are pale purple, and the size of the left and right ovaries varies. Generally, the left and right ovary are small and the egg yolk is full of yolk, so it is opaque. Eggs are sink eggs. The broodstock's fertility is generally 120,000 to 300,000 grains. Testis is large and milky white. Fertilized eggs hatch larvae in 6-7 days and absorb about 6 days from newly hatched larvae to yolk sac.
Second, aquaculture technology
1. Required conditions: Breeding dark lines Eastern best choice for quiet areas, and good lighting, water injection and drainage. The water quality is good. Breeding water temperature is best maintained at 18 C or more, the optimum growth temperature is 22-28 degrees. Significant decline in food intake at 16 degrees, starting at 1°C. Activity decreased, and death began at 7°C.
2. Food: Dark East? For omnivorous fish. Wide range of food habits. However, animal feeds with more than 45% protein and nutrient-rich foods, such as fish, shrimp, snail, quail meat, etc., are preferred to quail and silkworms. If the intake of artificial feed, the amount of protein to maintain more than 30% to meet the normal growth needs. Generally, the feeding amount is between 10% and 12% of the fish body weight, but don't feed fresh live aquatic animals for a long time without feeding artificial diet. Should be matched with each other to avoid developing picky eating habits. From the perspective of growth, if it is used as an ornamental fish, it is better to feed fresh aquatic animals and apes.
3. Water quality management: The requirements for water quality are relatively high. It requires the amount of oxygen in the water body to be above 15mg and the pH value is 7-8.5. In summer, the weather is sultry, and new water should be replaced frequently. Oxygen-increasing facilities must be provided to ensure that there is sufficient dissolved oxygen and to avoid death due to lack of oxygen in floating heads. The best conditions to install filtration facilities, both to improve water quality and increase dissolved oxygen, winter management should be done well over winter, pay attention to water temperature maintained at 16 °C above, the temperature can not exceed 3 °C.
4. Disease prevention and control: Before the fish species are stocked, the ponds must be thoroughly disinfected. The best disinfectant currently is to push strong chlorine (trichloroisocyanuric acid). The fish species also need to be disinfected and can be soaked in 20-30 minutes with 15ppm-20ppm potassium permanganate. In the breeding process, there are few diseases. Common only is the rotten tail, small melon insects, enteritis and other diseases. The prevention and treatment of these three diseases are now described as follows:
(l) Tail disease: The treatment of this disease can be immersed for 30 minutes with 50,000 mg of furacillin or 20 ppm of potassium permanganate; the use of 1.5 mg of nitrofurazone or 1.5 ppm of erythromycin thiocyanate can be used for sprinkling. Splash treatment.
(2) Squash echinococcosis: 0.1 ppm of mercuric nitrate can be used for Quanchiposa (for example, this method can be used for ornamental purposes. If not as a food fish). It is also possible to use 1.5ppm-2ppm methylene blue Quanchiposa. Conditional water temperature can be raised to 28 °C, but also treat the disease.
(3) enteritis; can use 0.3ppm strong chlorine fine to carry out splashing, and oral administration of furazolidone for treatment. If the culture is used as an ornamental, you can use Fish Lexiao (aquarium gastro-intestinal preventive medicine) mixed with baits for treatment.
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