Experts of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences: Transgenic technology is a strategic choice for China's food security
2021-06-06 12:04:29
The party and government attach great importance and consistently support the research and application of agricultural biotechnology in China. Coming back to the rise of the global high-tech revolution in 1988, Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out in a far-sighted way: "The future of agricultural problems will ultimately be solved by biological engineering, relying on cutting-edge technology," and calls for: "Developing high technology and realizing the industry "." As one of the sixteen major science and technology projects related to the development of China’s future economic society and science and technology, the “cultivation of new varieties of genetically modified organisms†has officially started in 2008. The agricultural biological breeding focused on this technology was again listed in 2010 as a strategic emerging industry that China urgently needs to cultivate and develop. In the same year's Central Document No. 1, it was clearly stated that "to advance the industrialization of new transgenic varieties based on scientific assessment and legal management." The national "Twelfth Five-Year" development plan just enacted this year further requires: "Accelerating innovation and application of agricultural biological breeding, developing new biological varieties with important application value and independent intellectual property rights, and making modern seed industries bigger and stronger."
GM technology is a strategic choice for safeguarding food security Since China's reform and opening up, China’s agricultural and rural development has achieved remarkable achievements. However, as a large agricultural country with a population of more than 1.3 billion people, the foundation of agricultural development in China is still very fragile and agricultural production faces resources. Shortages, environmental degradation, climate anomalies, and international market competition are increasingly pressing. The government of our country has attached great importance to the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers for many years. It can be said that the policy, investment, and science and technology can be considered as the power of the whole country. However, the natural disasters, such as low temperatures and other natural disasters, reduced grain production or slight changes in the demand for agricultural products will still cause domestic and international The drastic fluctuations in the agricultural market have further explained that the issue of food security has not been fundamentally resolved. And China has now entered the stage of rapid industrialization and urbanization, and the supply and demand situation of agricultural products in the medium and long term will become more severe. In order to ensure the effective supply of food and to meet the increasing needs of people living in both urban and rural areas, food production can only be based on the country at large, and food security must be put at the top of the list.
Judging from the reality of our country, due to restrictions imposed by land and water resources, the increase in production mainly depends on the increase in the output per unit area, which means that we must further raise the level of science and technology. In many agricultural technologies, the contribution of excellent varieties to agricultural production contributes to more than 40%. Therefore, new breakthroughs and innovations in breeding techniques are accelerated, and new generations of high-yield, high-quality, reversible, pest-resistant, multi-functional, and high-quality are cultivated. New crop varieties such as added value are particularly important.
China's traditional crossbreeding has strong advantages and there is still much room for development in the future. However, practice has proven that it is impossible to break through the bottleneck of current agricultural production by relying solely on conventional techniques. Only the combination of crossbreeding and transgenic breeding techniques can be achieved. "Twinning" meets the needs of the current high-yield, high-quality, resistance-tolerant, and disease-resistant new breeds. The further development and application of this technology can also promote the expansion of traditional agriculture into medicine, chemical industry, energy, and environmental protection, and play a greater role in alleviating resource constraints and realizing the transformation of agricultural growth patterns. Therefore, advancing the research and application of transgenic technology is a major strategy that focuses on China's reality and future agricultural development, and is an inevitable choice to ensure national food security.
Globally, GM crops have maintained a strong momentum of development since their industrialization in 1996. According to the latest statistics released by ISAAA, in 2010, the area of ​​global GM crops increased by 10% over the previous year, reaching 148 million hectares, 87 times that of 1996; 15 years of cumulative planting The area has reached 1 billion hectares (equivalent to 8.3 times of China's cultivated area). At present, 81% of soybeans, 64% of cotton, 29% of corn, and 23% of rape are grown in the world. There are 29 countries in the United States, Argentina, Brazil, India, Canada, and China (including 8 EU member states) in large-scale production of GM crops; while more than 30 countries and regions have not formally approved commercial planting, The use of GM products for feed and food processing is permitted. For example, the amount of genetically modified soybeans imported from the European Union and Japan for soybean meal and edible oil processing accounts for almost 40% of the total soybean trade in the world.
GM technology is a strategic choice for safeguarding food security Since China's reform and opening up, China’s agricultural and rural development has achieved remarkable achievements. However, as a large agricultural country with a population of more than 1.3 billion people, the foundation of agricultural development in China is still very fragile and agricultural production faces resources. Shortages, environmental degradation, climate anomalies, and international market competition are increasingly pressing. The government of our country has attached great importance to the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers for many years. It can be said that the policy, investment, and science and technology can be considered as the power of the whole country. However, the natural disasters, such as low temperatures and other natural disasters, reduced grain production or slight changes in the demand for agricultural products will still cause domestic and international The drastic fluctuations in the agricultural market have further explained that the issue of food security has not been fundamentally resolved. And China has now entered the stage of rapid industrialization and urbanization, and the supply and demand situation of agricultural products in the medium and long term will become more severe. In order to ensure the effective supply of food and to meet the increasing needs of people living in both urban and rural areas, food production can only be based on the country at large, and food security must be put at the top of the list.
Judging from the reality of our country, due to restrictions imposed by land and water resources, the increase in production mainly depends on the increase in the output per unit area, which means that we must further raise the level of science and technology. In many agricultural technologies, the contribution of excellent varieties to agricultural production contributes to more than 40%. Therefore, new breakthroughs and innovations in breeding techniques are accelerated, and new generations of high-yield, high-quality, reversible, pest-resistant, multi-functional, and high-quality are cultivated. New crop varieties such as added value are particularly important.
China's traditional crossbreeding has strong advantages and there is still much room for development in the future. However, practice has proven that it is impossible to break through the bottleneck of current agricultural production by relying solely on conventional techniques. Only the combination of crossbreeding and transgenic breeding techniques can be achieved. "Twinning" meets the needs of the current high-yield, high-quality, resistance-tolerant, and disease-resistant new breeds. The further development and application of this technology can also promote the expansion of traditional agriculture into medicine, chemical industry, energy, and environmental protection, and play a greater role in alleviating resource constraints and realizing the transformation of agricultural growth patterns. Therefore, advancing the research and application of transgenic technology is a major strategy that focuses on China's reality and future agricultural development, and is an inevitable choice to ensure national food security.
Globally, GM crops have maintained a strong momentum of development since their industrialization in 1996. According to the latest statistics released by ISAAA, in 2010, the area of ​​global GM crops increased by 10% over the previous year, reaching 148 million hectares, 87 times that of 1996; 15 years of cumulative planting The area has reached 1 billion hectares (equivalent to 8.3 times of China's cultivated area). At present, 81% of soybeans, 64% of cotton, 29% of corn, and 23% of rape are grown in the world. There are 29 countries in the United States, Argentina, Brazil, India, Canada, and China (including 8 EU member states) in large-scale production of GM crops; while more than 30 countries and regions have not formally approved commercial planting, The use of GM products for feed and food processing is permitted. For example, the amount of genetically modified soybeans imported from the European Union and Japan for soybean meal and edible oil processing accounts for almost 40% of the total soybean trade in the world.
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