Winter shed breeding white shrimp to seize the "five good" efficiency
In order to cultivate high yield and high efficiency of Penaeus vannamei in winter greenhouses, the following “five good†measures should be implemented:
First, choose a good pond
Select a pool with convenient transportation, sufficient sunlight, flatness, and clean, pollution-free pools. Pool depth of 1.8 to 2.2 meters, water depth of 1.3 to 1.8 meters, 10 to 15 acres of large pools, 3 to 8 acres of small ponds, depending on the breeding specifications may vary, generally 60 to 40 / kg. In the winter shed culture process, no new water is generally added, so the pond needs to meet the requirements of non-permeability and water retention; there are sufficient safe water sources, convenient drainage and drainage, power security and aeration facilities.
Second, build a shed
1. Clear pond. Before clearing the seedlings, it is necessary to thoroughly clear the ponds. Because of the sediments on the bottom of the pond, organic matter such as sludge, residual baits, and feces can cause shrimp disease. General use of quicklime 75 ~ 100 kg / mu Quanchiposa, exposure to the pond 7 to 15 days.
2. scaffolding. Use plastic non-drip film, non-toxic and tasteless material, high transparency, moderate thickness, generally choose 7~8mm film to maintain a reasonable service life; the joint is firm and tight, no cracking and air permeability; Iron beams and pool walls on both sides. Taking into account the heating effect of the lighting, both the pool type and the greenhouse are designed to be north-south. This will allow better lighting in the morning and early evening, but it will not be strong at noon, and the heating will be even throughout the day. In order to improve the insulation effect, the greenhouse is covered with a double membrane and the two membranes are separated by 20 to 50 cm. The second layer of the film is placed under the iron beam in the greenhouse and supported by 5-7 steel wires in the longitudinal direction. The lower membrane is also in close contact with the beam. The plastic sheds are added diagonally outside the greenhouse to increase the insulation effect. In the breeding process, care should be taken to prevent the overwintering shed from damaging the wind and rain, and to dig the rainwater diversion trench to prevent rainwater from the roof from flowing back into the pond, resulting in a sudden drop in water temperature and sudden changes in water quality and freezing the shrimp.
After the winter shed is constructed, it is covered with a plastic film to form a wintering shed. When the temperature difference between day and night is not large, the seedlings will be allowed to continue to grow under the appropriate temperature. The larvae grow fastest in water at temperatures between 26°C and 32°C, and the minimum temperature for culture should be above 16°C.
Third, choose a good seedling
The best cultured shrimps are the first and second generation shrimps on the market. The selection of healthy and viable shrimps is the first step in the breeding success. The whole body should be clean and shiny, with a slightly bent body and complete limbs. The shrimp with separate tail fans showed no whitening and reddening of the shrimp body, and the swimming was flexible. Individuals with two tentacles capable of being close together or separated slightly, that is, close together, were more uniform.
The farmers must test the shrimp before buying the shrimp to reduce the risk of breeding. Put the entire shrimp bag into the culture pond water before stocking, and open the bag into the pool when the pond water is close to the water temperature in the bag. Take 0.8 to 1 cm shrimp as an example, put 80-100,000 tail/mu.
Fourth, with good material
1. Ingredients: Generally used in large factories, the stability of the water in the strong, attracting food with a full price with shrimp material.
2. Feeding: It is one of the key technologies for aquaculture. It must be adjusted in time according to the weather, pool conditions, survival rate, residual baits, and health conditions. Winter shed culture has little change in temperature and water temperature, little impact on the growth and feeding of shrimp, and relatively stable water quality, which can lay a foundation for farmers. Each shrimp pond should be equipped with two or more bait stations. Observe the feeding situation after the feed is finished. Usually 40 days (shrimp at 3 to 4cm/tail) before the juvenile shrimp finishes in 2 hours; 40 to 80 days ( Shrimp should be eaten within 1.5 hours for shrimps at 4 to 10 cm/tail; and prawn for 80 days after shrimps at 10 cm/at or above should be eaten within 1 hour.
Fifth, prevent disease
Every morning, evening and midnight, you should inspect the pond and observe the feeding conditions, water quality, pH value, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, dissolved oxygen, temperature and so on.
1. Winter shed shrimp is more susceptible to lack of oxygen, especially in the early morning from 4 to 7 o'clock in the morning. In addition, in the middle and late breeding period, the aerator should be turned on in rainy weather; the aerator should be opened in the sunny hours and can be stirred in the pond water. The lower layer of anoxic water is sent to the upper layer to keep the water in balance.
2. When the pH value of the pond water exceeds 9.5, the alkalinity solution can be 250-500 ml/mu, which can be used in conjunction for 2 times; or the pH value can be reduced by using humic acid 1500-2000 g/mu and adding water to the whole pool. In the low-temperature rainy or foggy weather, cast anti-toxicants such as Sanxing Oxygen Oxygen and Spilled Green Weibao so as to keep the pond water refreshing and have enough dissolved oxygen to prevent splashing lime water.
3. During the cold period, Quanchipang splashed with appropriate amounts of nutrients such as hepatocetonin C, vitamin A, vitamin E, and glucose to relieve the stress on shrimps; and added shrimp with multi-dimensional nutrients such as multivitamin, triamcinolone, and aminovitamin in feed. , improve shrimp immunity and disease resistance. In low temperature and rainy days, shrimps are concentrated in the shell stage, with 500 to 1000 grams of austerity per acre. Water is added to Quanchiposa, and calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and other nutrients are added to shrimp oyster shells to facilitate the rapid recovery of physique.
4. The shrimp pond water level is controlled between 1.4 and 1.6 meters in the middle and late period, and it should not be too deep to avoid insufficient heat in the bottom water when the light is shining.
5. Shrimp disease must be prevented. Regularly add 3 grams of hepatocetonin, 3 to 3 grams of vitamin E, 2 grams of immune polysaccharides, 5 grams of Silyolium, and 3 grams of shrimp Dan 1 per kilogram of feed. Feeding for 5 to 7 days can increase physical fitness.
6. The phenomenon of darkness, white turbidity, yellow turbidity, etc. is often observed in the winter sheds and shrimps. The anti-stress scouring net, live bacteriocins, rich bacteria, and EM bacteria tyrants should be applied in time to remove excess water as soon as possible. Suspend organic matter and increase the flora of beneficial microbes in the pond. Normal use of beneficial microbial preparations in the aquaculture process can be reduced once every 7 to 10 days.
7. Cold and rainy weather do not use nets to catch shrimp, so as to avoid the release of harmful substances at the bottom, which will increase the nitrite content and endanger shrimp. In addition, shrimp should be handled carefully to avoid damaging the shrimp.
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