The scope of application of solid fermenters is inseparable from its advantages
2023-08-16 14:10:53
Solid fermenter is one of the commonly used fermenters and has a wide range of applications. However, many customers do not know much about the working principle and specific application of solid fermenters. Today we will talk about the knowledge of solid fermenters.
Solid fermenters are widely used in dairy fermentation, beer fermentation, wine fermentation, winery wastewater treatment equipment, biogas fermentation equipment and other fields. The solid fermentation method is a fermentation process in which the solid fermenter refers to a natural substrate as a carbon source and an energy source, or an inert substrate is used as a solid support, and the system is anhydrous or nearly anhydrous. There are mainly shallow tray fermentation and thick layer ventilation fermentation.
Working principle of solid fermenter
Microorganisms are grown in a wet, water-insoluble matrix and do not contain any free water during solid fermentation. As the free water produced by the microbes is added, the solid fermentation scale extends to viscous fermentation and solid particle suspension fermentation. It can be assumed that the growth environment between each cell is not necessarily the same.
In order to further improve the cultivation efficiency, the method of increasing the external product is selected. The test chamber is generally selected from the test tube bevel, the culture dish, the triangular bottle, the Kjeldahl bottle, etc. Most of the factories use curved discs, curtains, and ventilated curved pools. Especially in the cultivation of molds, the solid cultivation method is still used. Because the selection of agricultural and sideline products such as bran as the material, the price is low, the particle surface is large, loose and ventilated, and the material is easy to obtain in large quantities, so the winemaking profession is widely used. However, because there are still many difficulties in large-scale external cultivation skills, in the fermentation production, the liquid surface cultivation can be used instead, and the liquid deep layer cultivation method is mostly used instead.
The solid fermentation production process is roughly as follows: Production strains---solid or liquid species---inoculation---solid fermenter---fermentation---fermentation-drying---smash---complex-- - Inspection - Packaging - Finished products.
The advantages of solid fermenters are mainly reflected in the following three aspects:
(1) The medium is simple and widely available, mostly cheap natural substrates or industrially produced scraps;
(2) The low water content of the substrate can greatly reduce the volume of the bioreactor, does not require wastewater treatment, and has less environmental pollution;
(3) Less investment and relatively low energy consumption; the fermentation process generally does not require strict aseptic operation and the technical requirements are low;
The disadvantages of solid fermentation production are mainly that it is difficult to implement automation, labor intensity, and low production efficiency.
According to the solid fermentation equipment of the fermenter, it is divided into vertical double-drive dry-wet compounding machine and multi-connected automatic stainless steel fermentation tank. The solid fermenter adopts an internal circulation method, and uses a stirring paddle to disperse and break up the bubbles, which has a high dissolved oxygen rate and a good mixing effect.
The main body of the fermenter has a sandwich layer, an insulation layer, and can be heated, cooled, and insulated. The tank body and the upper and lower elliptical heads are processed by spinning R angle. The inner wall of the tank is mirror-polished, and there is no dead angle in the sanitary, and the fully enclosed design ensures that the material is always mixed and fermented in a non-polluting state. The equipment is equipped with air breathing holes, CIP cleaning nozzles, manholes, inlet and outlet ports and other devices.
Practical application of solid fermenter
The medium of the solid fermenter can be used simply, such as cereals, wheat bran, wheat grass, bulk grain or agricultural products, and the fermentation material is more economical. Pre-matrix treatment is less than liquid fermentation. For example, simply adding water to make the substrate moist, or simply grinding the substrate to increase the touch area, without special equipment, the general family can proceed. The contamination can be reduced by obtaining water, and the fermentation can be carried out in such a low sterilization process, and it is suitable for use in low-skilled areas.
Special products can occur. For example, the red pigment produced by red peony is ten times that of liquid fermentation, and the glucosidase produced by Aspergillus in solid fermentation is more heat resistant than the enzyme produced by liquid fermentation. The solid fermentation is suitably carried out using a suitably high medium and can be fermented with a smaller reactor, and the production value per unit volume is higher than that of the liquid. The downstream recovery process and waste disposal are generally simplified or simple, and the entire substrate is often used. For example, as a feed additive, there is no need to recover and purify, and there is no doubt about waste. Solid fermentation can produce special flavors and improve nutritional value. For example, Tianpei can be used as a substitute for meat, and its amino acids and fatty acids are easily digested and absorbed by the human body.
Solid-state fermentation is the raw material for brewing. The raw materials are divided into main materials and auxiliary materials. The main ingredient is grain, and the auxiliary materials are rice bran, gluten, bran, sorghum shell and crushed corn cob. The main material and auxiliary materials are sprinkled with water, mixed with koji, or compacted, or loosened, or sealed, or opened to adjust the temperature, humidity and air, thereby regulating the proliferation of microorganisms, the activity of enzymes secreted by microorganisms and a series of Biochemical reaction. This process is fermentation.
Through fermentation, the starch in the grain is first decomposed into sugar and then converted into alcohol. The fat in the grain is first decomposed into various fatty acids and then converted into fatty acid esters and organic acids. The protein in the grain is first decomposed into various amino acids and then converted into alcohol. Classes, aldehydes, ketones and nitrogen-containing compounds. These ingredients together make up the wine, removing water, alcohol accounts for 99%, others only account for 1%, but without this 1%, it is just alcohol rather than alcohol. The wine thus brewed is the white wine of the traditional process pure grain solid fermentation.
In recent years, with the continuous advancement of science and technology, the fermentation industry, which is related to the national economy and the people's livelihood, has achieved rapid development, and the fermenter has also been updated from the traditional to the modernization direction. In the future, the application of solid fermenters will also become more widespread.
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