The amazing discovery of Nature Medicine: Can intestinal bacteria relieve stroke?
Release date: 2016-03-30
Stroke is the second most deadly disease in the world, with millions of people dying every year because of a stroke, and more people being permanently disabled because of stroke. This devastating disease often occurs without warning, causing the patient to suddenly lose the ability to live independently. Researchers at the Weill Cornell School of Medicine have recently discovered that specific gut bacteria can use the immune system to reduce the severity of stroke. The study was published in the March 28 issue of Nature Medicine.
The researchers treated mice with a panel of antibiotics and induced ischemic stroke in mice two weeks later. The severity of stroke in these mice was significantly lower than in mice not exposed to antibiotics, with 60% less stroke damage. Studies have shown that intestinal bacteria do not interact with the brain through chemical pathways, but rather affect the behavior of immune cells. The specific gut microbial environment will direct the immune cells there to protect the brain, guide the stroke in the meninges, and reduce the power of stroke.
“Our study shows people a new connection between the brain and the intestines,†said Josef Anrather, an associate professor at the Weill Cornell School of Medicine. "It is expected to change people's perception of stroke and its risks."
Researchers have pointed out that changing the composition of intestinal bacteria will be a new way to prevent stroke. This method is especially suitable for those at high risk of stroke, such as patients whose heart has undergone surgery or clogged blood vessels. “Dietary interventions are easier than using drugs and have the greatest impact on gut composition,†says Dr. Anrather.
In recent years, it has been found that intestinal bacteria that are symbiotic in the human body affect many physiological processes that maintain the health of the body. Some gut bacteria are expressed on the surface of sugar molecules, which are called glycans. The human immune system recognizes these glycans and produces high levels of naturally circulating antibodies. Scientists speculate that natural antibodies to gut surface glycans may also recognize similar sugar molecules expressed by pathogens. The research team at the Gulbenkian Institute (IGC) in Portugal confirmed this. Their research in Cell magazine shows that gut bacteria can help the body build a natural defense against malaria.
In June 2015, a microbiologist at the University of Iowa published an article in mBio that states that type 2 diabetes may be caused by bacteria, and that antibacterial drugs and vaccines are expected to be used for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Studies have shown that continued exposure to toxins produced by Staphylococcus can cause experimental animals to develop hallmark symptoms of type 2 diabetes, including insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and systemic inflammation.
Scientists also discovered that medications for the microbiome can treat heart disease. The study published in Cell magazine shows that the Mediterranean diet exerts a healthy effect by altering the activity of the intestinal bacteria. Dietary supplements A natural compound rich in red wine and olive oil that prevents the intestinal bacteria of mice from converting unhealthy foods into metabolic by-products that block arteries. On this basis, the researchers developed the first drug to interfere with the metabolic activity of intestinal bacteria, which is expected to treat human heart disease.
Source: Biopass
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