Talking about the Technical Points of Raising Sheep
2019-09-04 14:03:40
In order to develop the sheep-raising industry and protect the grassland resources, in line with the principle of persisting in improving the degraded grassland and grazing and educating the grass, China adopts the measures of raising sheep for the purpose of carrying out feeding, and formulates this technical key point.
Objectives 1. The purpose of the development of this technical point is to provide sheep for the whole year, to prevent the grazing damage to the grasslands, to adopt enclosure and grass cultivation, to restore the grassland vegetation as soon as possible, and to promote a healthy cycle of grassland ecology.
2. This technical point applies to the feeding of local sheep and sheep breeds.
Feed 1. The amount of feed required per sheep per year is shown in the table. 2. To grow alfalfa and other pasture. Modulation of grass hay should be harvested at the heading stage. Legumes or other hay should be harvested at the flowering stage. The moisture of green hay should be below 15%, green, aromatic, soft stems, more leaves, less impurities, and should be bundled and sheltered to prevent loss of nutrients, the hay should be chopped and the cut length should be more than 3cm.
3. It is recommended that ear corn silage should be fed. Silage raw materials should be rich in sugar (including sweet sorghum) and dry matter above 25%. Silage corn is harvested during waxing. Storage should use plastic film or silo (cellar). The prepared silage should be yellow-green or brown-yellow, with a slightly acidic odor and wine smell.
4. For carrots, beets and other rootstock feed should be properly stored, mildew antifreeze, wash and cut into small pieces before feeding. Bad feeds should be fed fresh.
5. The moisture content of the stock concentrate feed must not exceed 14%. Before the grain feed is fed, it should be crushed into 1-2mm pellets. One processing should not be excessive, and it is advisable to feed it within 10 days in summer.
6. Should ensure that the mineral feed, should have salt and a certain percentage of constant and trace mineral salts. Such as bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, defluorinated phosphates and trace elements, and should regularly check the feeding effect.
7. The compound feed should be based on the results of the routine nutrient determination once a year, combined with the nutritional needs of different sheep breeds, using feed for processing and preparation.
8. The use of commodity mix (mixed) feed must understand its nutritional value.
9. When using additives such as chemical and biological activity, it is necessary to understand its role and safety.
10. It is forbidden to feed stink rotten spoilage feeds, frozen feeds, feeds with severe pollution from pesticide residues, feed contaminated with bacteria or Aspergillus flavus, and poisonous feeds such as untreated germinated potatoes. Closely remove metal foreign materials in the feed.
Feeding management rams: Concentrate formula: cornmeal 50%, wheat bran 20%, bean cake 20%, fishmeal 8%, salt 1%, bone meal 1%. Roughage formula is: Leymus 50%, silage 40%, tuber root tuber 10%. Breeding can be divided into two stages of non-breeding and breeding.
1. Non-breeding period: Each ram feeds 0.3-0.4 kg of mixed concentrate per day. Feed the concentrate twice a day, morning and evening, drinking twice. The daily amount of roughage is 1.2-1.4kg. There should also be sufficient exercise every day. Exercise should be no less than 6 hours a day in winter and spring, and more than 8 hours in summer and autumn. Use morning and evening exercise during hot days. The ram cage should be spacious and firm, well ventilated, and kept clean and dry. In order to prevent the top impact of the fighting bucket, the upper corner should be sawn off. In case of injury, iodine tincture should be promptly applied to prevent infection. Always pay attention to observing the roots, penis, etc. to prevent parasites or rot. The hindquarters attached sticky cocklebur and other barbed seeds must be promptly removed to avoid crawling across the glans. The hoof shape is not correct and is too long to fix the hoof in time.
2. Breeding period: One month before mating is the preparation period for breeding, the amount of concentrate should be gradually increased, and 60%-70% of the amount should be given according to the breeding period. Gradually increase to the standard of the breeding period. The daily amount of mixed condiment is 0.5-0.6kg, and the crude feed is 1.5-1.6kg. Daily exercise must be guaranteed for 6 hours (mainly to drive away).
Ewe: Under house-feeding conditions, 0.2-0.3 kg of concentrate is fed daily, and the formula for the mixed concentrate is: cornmeal 60%, wheat bran 21%, bean cake 15%, salt 1%, and calcium hydrogen phosphate 3%. The daily feed amount of roughage is 1.2-1.4kg. The formula is: Leymus chinensis 49%, Silage 49%, Roots 2%. At the same time, it can be divided into three phases: empty period, gestation period (5 months) and lactation period (3-4 months) according to its reproductive physiology changes. However, 6 hours of exercise must be guaranteed every day.
1. Empty period (recovery period): During the winter months of January-January lambing (feeding on 120 days), the period from May to July is the recovery period; the spring period is from 4-5 months, and the period from August to September is the recovery period. During this period, the lamb has been weaning, and the ewes have stopped lactating. They must focus on increasing nutrition and restoring their strength in order to make the ewes feast and breed.
2. Pregnancy (5 months): The first 3 months are the pre-pregnancy period. During this period, the embryo develops slowly and the nutrition diet should not be excessive. The last two months of gestation in ewes are in the later period of pregnancy. During this period, the embryos increase rapidly, and the need for nutritive substances increases significantly. It is necessary to strengthen supplementation to meet the embryonic growth and development.
The early pregnant ewes at the end of gestation will increase the amount of grass in advance of the ewes. The ewes in the second trimester of pregnancy should adhere to more than 6 hours of exercise every day (walking mileage is not less than 8 kilometers). Do not drive too fast, do not rush, don't chase, don't fight, don't frighten, and don't drink ice and water. abortion. Forbidden to feed moldy and frozen feed.
3. Breastfeeding: Lambs are generally 70-120 days of lactation. The pre-lactation period of two months after delivery is the key stage for feeding nursing ewes. At this time, the growth and development of lambs mainly depend on breast milk. Therefore, the raising standard for ewes should be higher.
For breast-feeding ewes, breast and lactation should be checked regularly. If there is excess milk, the amount of concentrate and juicy feed can be properly reduced to prevent mastitis.
(To be continued)
Objectives 1. The purpose of the development of this technical point is to provide sheep for the whole year, to prevent the grazing damage to the grasslands, to adopt enclosure and grass cultivation, to restore the grassland vegetation as soon as possible, and to promote a healthy cycle of grassland ecology.
2. This technical point applies to the feeding of local sheep and sheep breeds.
Feed 1. The amount of feed required per sheep per year is shown in the table. 2. To grow alfalfa and other pasture. Modulation of grass hay should be harvested at the heading stage. Legumes or other hay should be harvested at the flowering stage. The moisture of green hay should be below 15%, green, aromatic, soft stems, more leaves, less impurities, and should be bundled and sheltered to prevent loss of nutrients, the hay should be chopped and the cut length should be more than 3cm.
3. It is recommended that ear corn silage should be fed. Silage raw materials should be rich in sugar (including sweet sorghum) and dry matter above 25%. Silage corn is harvested during waxing. Storage should use plastic film or silo (cellar). The prepared silage should be yellow-green or brown-yellow, with a slightly acidic odor and wine smell.
4. For carrots, beets and other rootstock feed should be properly stored, mildew antifreeze, wash and cut into small pieces before feeding. Bad feeds should be fed fresh.
5. The moisture content of the stock concentrate feed must not exceed 14%. Before the grain feed is fed, it should be crushed into 1-2mm pellets. One processing should not be excessive, and it is advisable to feed it within 10 days in summer.
6. Should ensure that the mineral feed, should have salt and a certain percentage of constant and trace mineral salts. Such as bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, defluorinated phosphates and trace elements, and should regularly check the feeding effect.
7. The compound feed should be based on the results of the routine nutrient determination once a year, combined with the nutritional needs of different sheep breeds, using feed for processing and preparation.
8. The use of commodity mix (mixed) feed must understand its nutritional value.
9. When using additives such as chemical and biological activity, it is necessary to understand its role and safety.
10. It is forbidden to feed stink rotten spoilage feeds, frozen feeds, feeds with severe pollution from pesticide residues, feed contaminated with bacteria or Aspergillus flavus, and poisonous feeds such as untreated germinated potatoes. Closely remove metal foreign materials in the feed.
Feeding management rams: Concentrate formula: cornmeal 50%, wheat bran 20%, bean cake 20%, fishmeal 8%, salt 1%, bone meal 1%. Roughage formula is: Leymus 50%, silage 40%, tuber root tuber 10%. Breeding can be divided into two stages of non-breeding and breeding.
1. Non-breeding period: Each ram feeds 0.3-0.4 kg of mixed concentrate per day. Feed the concentrate twice a day, morning and evening, drinking twice. The daily amount of roughage is 1.2-1.4kg. There should also be sufficient exercise every day. Exercise should be no less than 6 hours a day in winter and spring, and more than 8 hours in summer and autumn. Use morning and evening exercise during hot days. The ram cage should be spacious and firm, well ventilated, and kept clean and dry. In order to prevent the top impact of the fighting bucket, the upper corner should be sawn off. In case of injury, iodine tincture should be promptly applied to prevent infection. Always pay attention to observing the roots, penis, etc. to prevent parasites or rot. The hindquarters attached sticky cocklebur and other barbed seeds must be promptly removed to avoid crawling across the glans. The hoof shape is not correct and is too long to fix the hoof in time.
2. Breeding period: One month before mating is the preparation period for breeding, the amount of concentrate should be gradually increased, and 60%-70% of the amount should be given according to the breeding period. Gradually increase to the standard of the breeding period. The daily amount of mixed condiment is 0.5-0.6kg, and the crude feed is 1.5-1.6kg. Daily exercise must be guaranteed for 6 hours (mainly to drive away).
Ewe: Under house-feeding conditions, 0.2-0.3 kg of concentrate is fed daily, and the formula for the mixed concentrate is: cornmeal 60%, wheat bran 21%, bean cake 15%, salt 1%, and calcium hydrogen phosphate 3%. The daily feed amount of roughage is 1.2-1.4kg. The formula is: Leymus chinensis 49%, Silage 49%, Roots 2%. At the same time, it can be divided into three phases: empty period, gestation period (5 months) and lactation period (3-4 months) according to its reproductive physiology changes. However, 6 hours of exercise must be guaranteed every day.
1. Empty period (recovery period): During the winter months of January-January lambing (feeding on 120 days), the period from May to July is the recovery period; the spring period is from 4-5 months, and the period from August to September is the recovery period. During this period, the lamb has been weaning, and the ewes have stopped lactating. They must focus on increasing nutrition and restoring their strength in order to make the ewes feast and breed.
2. Pregnancy (5 months): The first 3 months are the pre-pregnancy period. During this period, the embryo develops slowly and the nutrition diet should not be excessive. The last two months of gestation in ewes are in the later period of pregnancy. During this period, the embryos increase rapidly, and the need for nutritive substances increases significantly. It is necessary to strengthen supplementation to meet the embryonic growth and development.
The early pregnant ewes at the end of gestation will increase the amount of grass in advance of the ewes. The ewes in the second trimester of pregnancy should adhere to more than 6 hours of exercise every day (walking mileage is not less than 8 kilometers). Do not drive too fast, do not rush, don't chase, don't fight, don't frighten, and don't drink ice and water. abortion. Forbidden to feed moldy and frozen feed.
3. Breastfeeding: Lambs are generally 70-120 days of lactation. The pre-lactation period of two months after delivery is the key stage for feeding nursing ewes. At this time, the growth and development of lambs mainly depend on breast milk. Therefore, the raising standard for ewes should be higher.
For breast-feeding ewes, breast and lactation should be checked regularly. If there is excess milk, the amount of concentrate and juicy feed can be properly reduced to prevent mastitis.
(To be continued)
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