Six selections of wheat seedlings ensure good seedlings this year
"Equinox" is approaching, and the autumn of wheat is about to begin in full swing. In recent years, the phenomenon of blind wheat planting, illegal introduction, and planting in the areas of winter wheat production has risen. The introduction of southern varieties in the northern regions, the introduction of aquatic land varieties in dryland wheat, the introduction of fertilizer-tolerant varieties in barren plots, and the emphasis on yield and neglect of resistance Problems such as sex are more prominent, and improper introduction causes disaster-induced reduction of production. Especially during this year's wheat grouting and harvesting, the continuous rain in Huanghuai and Northwest China caused a decrease in the grain weight of wheat. The emergence of ear sprouting and sprouting in some farming fields affected the seed production and seed quality to a certain extent, and it was more likely to occur blindly. Kind of problem.
In view of the fact that winter wheat is not selected and this year's actual situation, localities must highlight regional characteristics, adapt climate conditions, soil, fertility, cropping systems, yield levels, and disease occurrence, adjust measures to local conditions, optimize the layout, and scientifically select seeds and cultivate strong seedlings for seizure. The wheat harvest is firmly grounded.
One is because of the days of selection. Optimize layout according to weather conditions, especially extreme cold and cold weather. The winter winter wheat varieties were selected in the northern winter wheat area, the semi-winter varieties were selected in the Huanghuai winter wheat area, and the semi-winter or spring wheat varieties were selected in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Strictly preventing the spring-type cultivars or the winter-type cultivars from moving northwards resulted in the rapid development of wheat before winter and the death due to freezing in winter or early spring.
The second is because of the selection of species. According to the soil conditions, especially the level of soil fertility and watering conditions, scientific selection. Drought-resistant and flood-resistant varieties should be selected for dry and thin land; dry and fertilizer areas with relatively thick soil and high fertility should be planted with drought-resistant and fertilizer-resistant varieties; high-yield fields with good fertilizer and water conditions should be selected for high-yield fertilizers with high yield potential. Variety.
The third is because of the disaster. According to the types of disasters, especially in the mid-late disaster disasters, the disasters were selected and categorized. Dry, hot and wind-heavy areas use appropriate early-maturing, early-ageing, and anti-blowable varieties to avoid or mitigate the dangers of dry hot winds; in areas with more late rainfall, anti-ear sprouting varieties are selected to prevent “rotten field rain†from causing wheat germination and mildew. change.
The fourth is disease selection. According to the law of wheat disease occurrence, anti-(resistant) disease varieties should be selected according to local conditions. Wheat rust-prone areas and recurrence areas should use varieties resistant to rust to reduce disease hazards. In areas with heavy rain and waterlogging in the south, wet tolerance, resistance (resistance) to head blight, and long seed dormancy species should be used.
The fifth is because of system selection. According to the planting system, especially the former crops and planting methods are reasonably selected. Wheat and cotton intercropping areas require varieties suitable for late planting and early maturing to shorten the symbiosis period of wheat and cotton. At the same time, they require shorter plants, compact plant types, and strong edge-advantages to fully utilize light energy and increase photosynthetic efficiency. .
The sixth is because of quality selection. According to the seed quality, especially the quality of seeds and the quality of the goods, select good varieties. According to the local consumption habits, choose the varieties with good nutritional quality and processing quality that meet the requirements of the finished product. Seeds require full kernels, high bulk density, uniform kernels, good consistency, and germination rates in line with national standards.
On the basis of scientific selection, we must also strengthen the introduction test, on the one hand to prevent blind introduction and introduction of species and frequent replacement, and on the other hand to promote variety replacement, in order to determine the "succession" varieties. In addition, we must strengthen seed treatment, effectively do a good job in seed coating, chemical seed dressing, postpone the onset of wheat stripe rust, powdery mildew, sheath blight and other diseases, reduce the incidence of autumn seedlings, reduce the source of overwintering bacteria, and control the underground pests at the seedling stage harm. According to the disease resistance, incidence and climatic conditions, cultivation methods of wheat varieties in different regions, reasonable selection of pesticides, good seed dressing. Strict seed dressing dosage, prohibiting overdosage; seeding immediately after sowing, are mixed with the current use, broadcasted on the same day; appropriate increase in seed dressing after seed dressing.
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