Prevention of fertilizer damage and its remedies

Fertilizer is the food of crops. Reasonable fertilization can both maintain and increase soil fertility, increase crop yield, and improve quality. However, due to improper selection of fertilizers and improper application methods, fertilizers are often occurring in agriculture. According to our survey, most of the farms affected by this fertilizer are heavy sands, shallow soil layers, and applied high-concentration compound fertilizer or urea at an application rate of 20-30 kg/mu, using strips. Or acupuncture points, the length of 40-50 cm, depth 5-10 cm, application time in the middle and late December last year, about 1 month after the application of defoliation, and now open fertilization point, visible fertilizer fertilizer is the following linen root Layer, the root has rotted and peeled. The main reasons are as follows: concentrated application of fertilizers and roots in the most active layer of the roots, causing local soil solution osmotic pressure is too high after application, resulting in salt damage to the plants, the roots of the stains, so that the ability of the roots to absorb water, sucking fertilizer, met again last year Drought, dry soil, and digging dry plantings. After the plantation, a light rain had rained on the moon, which increased the occurrence of fertilizer damage.
For those who have already suffered from fertilizer damage, remedial measures should be taken to dig the soil from the fertilization site, apply water to the soil inside the hole, dilute the concentration of the soil fertilizer solution, and cut off the rough roots that have already been rotted, and then cover the new soil. Branches are trimmed.
To prevent the occurrence of fertilizer damage, we must do reasonable fertilization:
1. Rational selection of fertilizer varieties. Perennial economic crops should be dominated by soil miscellaneous fertilizers and organic fertilizers. Mixed application of chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers. Application of composts and organic fertilizers can provide various nutrients, improve soil, and improve soil. Buffering capacity reduces the occurrence of fertilizer damage. The same fertilizer, chlorinated fertilizer is the most prone to fertilizer damage, the market is now a wide variety of fertilizers, quality is not abandoned, the majority of farmers should pay special attention when using.
2. To improve the fertilization method, winter and spring basal fertilizers should be applied along the open canal along the outside of the canopy, with a depth and width of 20-30 cm. After the application, the soil should be covered. When the fertilizer is applied as a topdressing fertilizer, the water should be poured, or the soil after the rain is wet. Application.
3, control the amount of fertilizer, especially nitrogen fertilizer, for general production of 50 kilograms of orange, pear tree, each plant urea does not exceed 100 grams, the other nitrogen fertilizer does not exceed 250-300 grams, for the tea garden each time the amount of urea is not Over 25 kilograms, small numbers of multiple applications should be advocated for young and sick fruit trees.

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