Pig rearing and management in large-scale pig farms
Reserve sow retention and feeding management
The objective of selecting gilts to remain: to reduce the elimination of sows reproductive diseases, etc.; to increase the number of live piglets; to enhance maternity (lactating performance, piglet survival rate, weaned piglets have a better body weight).
The requirements for selecting gilts to remain: in line with the characteristics of the breed; the female traits are prominent and normal; there are 6 pairs to 7 pairs of normal and evenly distributed nipples; the limbs are strong; the temperament is docile.
Feeding management of pregnant sows
Pre-pregnancy feeding (30 days after mating) Management objective: Regulate the sow's sorrow, protect embryo implantation and survival rate.
Feed management requirements: 30 days after mating, we must strictly control the sow's moisture content, protect the embryos from implantation, limit the amount of excess fertilizer, and add too much material. Normally, 2.0 kg to 2.2 kg/day of pregnancies are fed. At the same time do a good job of fetal.
During the middle of pregnancy (30 days to 80 days), as long as the sow's condition is known, gradually increase the amount of feeding and ensure adequate clean drinking water.
Late pregnancy (84 days to 114 days) feeding and management objectives: to make the sows have a certain amount of nutrient accumulation, promote the development of the lactating organs; increase the nutritional accumulation of the piglets, increase the birth weight of the sow, it is best to reach 1.5 kg/head .
Feeding and management requirements: It is best to adopt single-column feeding. Feeding should adopt a step-by-step method. The increase in the thickness of back sows during pregnancy should be controlled within 2 cm to 4 cm. This will minimize the loss of backfat during lactation. , And feed intake will increase; reduce stress as much as possible to prevent premature birth and fetal death.
Feeding management points throughout the pregnancy
In the pre-pregnancy period, "two lows" have more than one sitting, ie low temperature (cool) and low nutrition (feeding roughage). The pig house should be quiet and must not be suddenly disturbed. Pay attention to warm winter, the temperature of the house is controlled at 14°C~20°C; in the summer, use a shade net to prevent the sunstroke of the sow. The deworming work of the internal and external parasites of the sow cannot be carried to the delivery room for the piglets. According to the sooner or later, sows' status in the sowing period, the sows that are not pregnant can be found in time, return to the breeding house at any time, and regrouped after mating. If you take the appropriate measures still can not be pregnant immediately eliminated.
Feeding sows
Management objectives: to obtain sufficient colostrum for piglets, thereby obtaining higher maternal antibodies, enhancing piglet resistance, reducing the occurrence of diarrhea in piglets, preventing frozen or crushed piglets, increasing the survival rate of piglets, and ensuring that sows are in good condition. And the recovery of feed intake.
Feeding and management: The sows that are pregnant for about 100 days are dewormed in vivo. Sows 20 days to 30 days before birth should be vaccinated with E. coli and other vaccines. When transferred to the delivery room from 3 days to 7 days before delivery, the sow is first bathed, disinfected, and then admitted to the delivery room. The amount of feeding is reduced from the previous 4 days before delivery, and the amount of each feeding is gradually reduced from 2.5 kg/day to 0.5 kg. / Day to prevent prolonged pregnancy and metritis, mastitis, agalactia syndrome, and to minimize the number of stillbirths. If prenatal sows are in high fever, constipation, diarrhea, etc., they must be eliminated as soon as possible. If the sow is sick after delivery, it will affect the quality and quantity of colostrum, cause the piglets to squat, and even cause piglets to die. Requirements for the delivery room environment: cool in winter and cool in summer, suitable for temperatures from 17°C to 25°C.
Feeding of lactating sows
Management Objectives: To increase the milk production and milk quality of sows, increase the weaning weight of piglets and improve the survival rate of piglets.
Feeding and management: As far as possible, the temperature of the delivery room is controlled at 15°C~20°C. At the same time, small-scale insulation work is performed on suckling piglets (30°C~32°C for 1st to 3rd day of age, 4th to 7th day of age). 28°C~30°C). Sows who are farrowing at the same day can stop or feed less, but they should drink water to the sows in time. After 3 days to 4 days, the sows will not be fed, and they will gradually feed after 5 days. On the first day, 0.5 kg/day, 4 days to 6 days, 2 kg/day, 7 days, 4 kg to 5 kg/day, 3 meals a day, stop feeding on the day of weaning, and gradually reduce the material 3 days before weaning. After 2 to 3 days after delivery, the development status of the piglets must be carefully observed. If the piglets are found to be thin, which proves that the milk is insufficient, the mother-mother can be added 1 month before delivery to increase the lactating ability of the sow. When the piglet is 28 days old, it reaches 6 kg. ~7 kilograms can be weaned and can be relocated to nursery homes at 35 days of age.
Empty sow rearing management
The main task: to improve the survival rate of piglets and reduce the occurrence of sow measles. On the day of weaning, the sow stops or feeds little, and then gradually increases to 3 to 4 kilograms of breastfeeding material to heat in a week to supplement the need for body condition recovery. After mating, according to the body condition, feed 2 kg/day of pregnancies to prevent early fat. Observe the estrus. Most sows are estrus from 3 days to 7 days after milking. Therefore, check the situation 3 days after milking or bring the boar to the vicinity of the sow to stimulate or check the estrus. After 10 days from milk, the management of estrus is still not performed: group raises and use boars to stimulate estrus, once in the morning and at night, for 2 days to 3 days in a row, and exercise should be appropriately strengthened.
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