Pear fruit bagging technology
2020-03-05 06:05:58
Pear fruit bagging can reduce pest damage, reduce pesticide pollution, improve the appearance of fruit quality, fruit surface smooth and delicate, meat juice and more by the majority of consumers. Because of its high selling price, the economic benefits of the unit have also been greatly welcomed by the pear fruit farmers. According to the author's practical experience in pear bagging work in Lunan, the summary of pear bagging technology is as follows:
First, pear fruit preparation before bagging
1. Strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, and strengthen the tree vigor. Autumn Shijifei mainly uses chicken manure that is fully decomposed, with a dosage of 4,000 kilograms for 667 square meters, together with 10 kilograms of borax and 200 kilograms of superphosphate compound fertilizer. During the growing period, foliar spray fertilizer is applied. For an orchard with boron deficiency causing avocado, spray 0.3% borax solution twice at flowering time. In addition, high-quality calcium fertilizer, such as calcium chlorohydrate, is sprayed with 2 to 3 times of spraying before bagging to reduce cracking and physiological diseases caused by calcium deficiency. In the dry season, timely irrigation, timely drainage in the rainy season, to avoid sudden changes in soil moisture. Reasonably trimmed to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the tree.
2. Reasonable pollination load. When constructing the park, the pollination tree is reasonably configured, and the pollination tree should reach about 15%. During the flowering period, pollen mixed with Fengshui, gold, emerald, crystal and Other varieties was used for artificial pollination, strict sparse flowering and fruit thinning, and one of the fruits of the first, second, third, and fourth order left in the inflorescence was selected, leaving only one fruit per 20 cm. Leave a fruit, so that the leaf to fruit ratio of 40:1, leaving fruit shape upright edge, lateral fruit, no pests and diseases, normal growth of short branches, leaving no buds, deformed fruit, weak fruit, disease Insect fruit is not selected from the top of the fruit table and the remaining fruit of the sepal. The amount of fruit left in 667 square meters is maintained at about 12,000, and the output is determined at 3,000 to 4,000 kilograms.
3. Select high quality fruit bags. At present, there are a large variety of pear paper bags on the market and paper bags should be reasonably selected. The basic requirements for paper bags are: good shading, not easily deformed, damaged or dewaxed after being blown by the wind and rain, easy to dry after rain, and has minimal adverse effects on pear fruit. After some paper bags are treated with medicaments, there are fewer pests in the bags. The size of the bag is usually 14 to 16 centimeters wide, 18 to 19 centimeters long, and half of a round notch is in the middle of the mouth of the bag. This facilitates the opening of the paper bag. There are vent holes on both sides of the bottom of the bag mouth to facilitate the outflow of rainwater to prevent water accumulation in the bag. Different pear varieties have different requirements on paper, paper and color. Emerald is best to use three layers of outer flower (wood pulp), inner black double bag or outer flower, medium black and inner cotton paper. The inner black paper should be more than 45 grams, and the cotton paper should be soft. Anti-scratch young skin. Due to the large size of the golden pear fruit, the model of the fruit bag is (160-170) (180-190) millimeters. It is made of wood pulp paper with good shading and a special paper bag with soft cotton paper inside is preferable. Since Golden Pear is earlier than other pear varieties for bagging time, the young fruit peel has a particularly young tissue. Therefore, lining tissue paper is particularly important, which can avoid artificially scratching the peel and forming fruit rust during the bagging process.
4. Do a good job of pest control. Precaution of pest control before bagging is a key technology for the success of bagging. First, based on the prevention and control of agriculture, through winter and spring clearing the garden, cut pests and branches, deep-turning tree trays, pouring frozen water and other measures to reduce the source of overwintering pests. During the growing season, the re-infestation source was controlled by cutting off the diseased shoots, diseased leaves, and diseased fruit. Secondly, biological control is advocated, and predatory natural enemies, such as grasshoppers, ladybugs, and flower lice, are protected or artificially stored in orchards to achieve pest control. Third, on the basis of good prediction and prediction, chemical prevention and control should be carried out in a critical period for prevention and control. The key technology for its prevention and control drug use is: spraying 5 Baume degree lime sulfur agent during flower bud expansion period. In the late flowering period, when petals are shed at 60%, 5% avermectin 5000 times solution and 40% Fuxing 4,000 times solution are sprayed to prevent pear hibiscus, black spot disease, black spot disease, and black spot disease. In mid-May, spraying 10% imidacloprid 3000 times solution and 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times solution before bagging in the middle and mid-May to control Tenebrio molitor, A. lucorum and black spot disease. After the rain in June, 25% of the swept virus was sprayed with 2000 times of liquid to prevent and control Lumbricus citri, Tetris meleagris, Connexa powder and black spot. In early June, wheat can be sprayed with 5% avermectin 5,000 times and 70% spray gram 2000 times. In mid-to-late June, 10% imidacloprid 3000 times solution and 45% mancozebite 1000 times solution were sprayed. In the middle and early July, the fruit rapidly expanded. Spraying 15% carbendazim 3000 times solution and 80% eliciting 1000 times solution. During the fruit harvest period, cypermethrin 2000 times solution and 20% triadimefon 2000 times solution were used to control Tenebrio molitor and Conradia powder. When spraying, pay attention to fine spray, uniform spray, and strict spray, so that neither leakage nor heavy spray is used. This will not only increase the control effect, but also prevent injury. In addition, high-efficiency penetrants can be added for each spraying - Tianda Silicone 3000 times better to control pests.
5. Bagging period. Bagging should be carried out 15 to 45 days after flowering, before fruiting rust occurs after fruit thinning. The paper bags currently used have been measured for transmission. Most of the light transmission rates are below 1%. Premature bagging during young fruit period will affect the development of fruit pieces. Late bagging will result in late turning of the peel and appearance color. Poor, pores change results, cracks easily occur on the surface of the stratum corneum. Especially the green pear, when the size of the fruit is clear and the fruit removal is completed, a glove bag is required. Too late, the fruit spot becomes larger and the fruit color darkens. For some rust-prone varieties, in order to reduce the occurrence of rust, add a small fruit bagging in the young fruit period. Generally, the fruit thinning can begin when the fruit shape can be discerned after fruiting, and the number of remaining fruit should be determined. Bagging, the latest set of pocket time should be completed 20 days after the flower, or lose its meaning. About 20 days after pouching, large bags should be added. When the temperature is high and there is no windy weather in the hot sun, the bagging time should be earlier. Otherwise, the temperature inside the bag may be too high, which may cause the peel to discolor or even scorch or crack, with low temperature and frequent breeze. In the cold weather areas or high altitude areas, the delay in bagging time is not significant. Areas with high altitude, large temperature difference between day and night, and low rainfall have good bagging effects twice. In areas with high temperature and low ventilation and low moisture, it is not ideal to use pouches, and the effect of bagging is good once. Therefore, in order to exert the comprehensive effect of pear fruit bagging, it must be timely bagging, the appropriate period of bagging should be the best during the beginning of the skin turning thick. Before the wheat harvest in southern Shandong must be completed.
6. Bagging sequence. First set the upper fruit, then set the next fruit, first set the inner fruit, and then set the outer fruit. Put the hand into the bag when bagging, make the bag up, hold the bottom of the bag, and open the vent holes in the two corners. Hold the bag 2 to 3 centimeters under the mouth and put on the fruit. From the middle to the two Side of the bag is folded in turn and then tied with a paper bag with a wire of 2.5 cm below the mouth of the bag. The fruit bag should be bundled in the upper part of the fruit shank near the fruit stand. Note that the pear fruit should be placed in the central part of the bag to make it vacant to prevent the paper bag from rubbing the fruit surface and form rust spots. When tying the mouth, do not tie the mouth of the bag into a trumpet, so as not to accumulate liquid medicine into the bag, causing phytotoxicity. Each inflorescence sets 1 fruit, 1 fruit and 1 bag.
Second, bagging matters needing attention
1. During the whole bagging process, do not touch the young fruit by hand to prevent the human skin from being damaged.
2. It is advisable to loosen the lashings. Do not use excessive force to prevent the shank from being broken. If the base of the shank is pulled or the tying of the tying wire is too tight, the fruit will be detached when the fruit grows or is too loose.
3. The mouth of the bag cannot be tied into a trumpet-shaped mouth to prevent accumulation of rainwater, medicines flowing into the bag, or diseases and insects entering the bag, and do not put the leaves in the bag.
4. When bagging, the vent must be opened and the fruit must be in the middle of the bag.
5. If the bagging period is not covered within 6 days after the rain or drug, the spraying shall be performed carefully.
6. Can not be bagged when the dew is not dry or the liquid is dry.
7. Pear fruit bagging is best for whole gardens and whole tree bags for centralized and unified management after bagging. If you want to use bagging, you must choose the golden mean tree or the moderate tree in the early fruit period. Do not choose old and weak trees, imaginary trees, diseased trees, solitary trees, tuyote trees, and old trees.
Third, whether the bag before picking problem
After pear fruit bagging, the sugar content was lower than that of bagging pear fruit. Before removing the bag, the sugar content of the fruit was increased to a certain extent, but the effect was not obvious, but had a greater impact on the color of the fruit spot and peel. , so pre-harvesting bags reduce the effect of bagging to improve the appearance of fruit quality.
Therefore, for the species that do not need to be colored, it should be bagged and harvested. When the bag is removed at the time of grading, it can prevent fruit from losing water, bumps, and fruit surface contamination. For varieties that need to be colored during fruit ripening, such as red pear, double bags are generally used for bagging. Bags should be removed 2 to 3 weeks before harvesting. To prevent sunburn, the bags may be excluded first, and the inner bag may be 2 to 3 After a sunny day, the red pears were soon colored after the inner bag was removed and the appearance was more beautiful.
First, pear fruit preparation before bagging
1. Strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, and strengthen the tree vigor. Autumn Shijifei mainly uses chicken manure that is fully decomposed, with a dosage of 4,000 kilograms for 667 square meters, together with 10 kilograms of borax and 200 kilograms of superphosphate compound fertilizer. During the growing period, foliar spray fertilizer is applied. For an orchard with boron deficiency causing avocado, spray 0.3% borax solution twice at flowering time. In addition, high-quality calcium fertilizer, such as calcium chlorohydrate, is sprayed with 2 to 3 times of spraying before bagging to reduce cracking and physiological diseases caused by calcium deficiency. In the dry season, timely irrigation, timely drainage in the rainy season, to avoid sudden changes in soil moisture. Reasonably trimmed to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the tree.
2. Reasonable pollination load. When constructing the park, the pollination tree is reasonably configured, and the pollination tree should reach about 15%. During the flowering period, pollen mixed with Fengshui, gold, emerald, crystal and Other varieties was used for artificial pollination, strict sparse flowering and fruit thinning, and one of the fruits of the first, second, third, and fourth order left in the inflorescence was selected, leaving only one fruit per 20 cm. Leave a fruit, so that the leaf to fruit ratio of 40:1, leaving fruit shape upright edge, lateral fruit, no pests and diseases, normal growth of short branches, leaving no buds, deformed fruit, weak fruit, disease Insect fruit is not selected from the top of the fruit table and the remaining fruit of the sepal. The amount of fruit left in 667 square meters is maintained at about 12,000, and the output is determined at 3,000 to 4,000 kilograms.
3. Select high quality fruit bags. At present, there are a large variety of pear paper bags on the market and paper bags should be reasonably selected. The basic requirements for paper bags are: good shading, not easily deformed, damaged or dewaxed after being blown by the wind and rain, easy to dry after rain, and has minimal adverse effects on pear fruit. After some paper bags are treated with medicaments, there are fewer pests in the bags. The size of the bag is usually 14 to 16 centimeters wide, 18 to 19 centimeters long, and half of a round notch is in the middle of the mouth of the bag. This facilitates the opening of the paper bag. There are vent holes on both sides of the bottom of the bag mouth to facilitate the outflow of rainwater to prevent water accumulation in the bag. Different pear varieties have different requirements on paper, paper and color. Emerald is best to use three layers of outer flower (wood pulp), inner black double bag or outer flower, medium black and inner cotton paper. The inner black paper should be more than 45 grams, and the cotton paper should be soft. Anti-scratch young skin. Due to the large size of the golden pear fruit, the model of the fruit bag is (160-170) (180-190) millimeters. It is made of wood pulp paper with good shading and a special paper bag with soft cotton paper inside is preferable. Since Golden Pear is earlier than other pear varieties for bagging time, the young fruit peel has a particularly young tissue. Therefore, lining tissue paper is particularly important, which can avoid artificially scratching the peel and forming fruit rust during the bagging process.
4. Do a good job of pest control. Precaution of pest control before bagging is a key technology for the success of bagging. First, based on the prevention and control of agriculture, through winter and spring clearing the garden, cut pests and branches, deep-turning tree trays, pouring frozen water and other measures to reduce the source of overwintering pests. During the growing season, the re-infestation source was controlled by cutting off the diseased shoots, diseased leaves, and diseased fruit. Secondly, biological control is advocated, and predatory natural enemies, such as grasshoppers, ladybugs, and flower lice, are protected or artificially stored in orchards to achieve pest control. Third, on the basis of good prediction and prediction, chemical prevention and control should be carried out in a critical period for prevention and control. The key technology for its prevention and control drug use is: spraying 5 Baume degree lime sulfur agent during flower bud expansion period. In the late flowering period, when petals are shed at 60%, 5% avermectin 5000 times solution and 40% Fuxing 4,000 times solution are sprayed to prevent pear hibiscus, black spot disease, black spot disease, and black spot disease. In mid-May, spraying 10% imidacloprid 3000 times solution and 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times solution before bagging in the middle and mid-May to control Tenebrio molitor, A. lucorum and black spot disease. After the rain in June, 25% of the swept virus was sprayed with 2000 times of liquid to prevent and control Lumbricus citri, Tetris meleagris, Connexa powder and black spot. In early June, wheat can be sprayed with 5% avermectin 5,000 times and 70% spray gram 2000 times. In mid-to-late June, 10% imidacloprid 3000 times solution and 45% mancozebite 1000 times solution were sprayed. In the middle and early July, the fruit rapidly expanded. Spraying 15% carbendazim 3000 times solution and 80% eliciting 1000 times solution. During the fruit harvest period, cypermethrin 2000 times solution and 20% triadimefon 2000 times solution were used to control Tenebrio molitor and Conradia powder. When spraying, pay attention to fine spray, uniform spray, and strict spray, so that neither leakage nor heavy spray is used. This will not only increase the control effect, but also prevent injury. In addition, high-efficiency penetrants can be added for each spraying - Tianda Silicone 3000 times better to control pests.
5. Bagging period. Bagging should be carried out 15 to 45 days after flowering, before fruiting rust occurs after fruit thinning. The paper bags currently used have been measured for transmission. Most of the light transmission rates are below 1%. Premature bagging during young fruit period will affect the development of fruit pieces. Late bagging will result in late turning of the peel and appearance color. Poor, pores change results, cracks easily occur on the surface of the stratum corneum. Especially the green pear, when the size of the fruit is clear and the fruit removal is completed, a glove bag is required. Too late, the fruit spot becomes larger and the fruit color darkens. For some rust-prone varieties, in order to reduce the occurrence of rust, add a small fruit bagging in the young fruit period. Generally, the fruit thinning can begin when the fruit shape can be discerned after fruiting, and the number of remaining fruit should be determined. Bagging, the latest set of pocket time should be completed 20 days after the flower, or lose its meaning. About 20 days after pouching, large bags should be added. When the temperature is high and there is no windy weather in the hot sun, the bagging time should be earlier. Otherwise, the temperature inside the bag may be too high, which may cause the peel to discolor or even scorch or crack, with low temperature and frequent breeze. In the cold weather areas or high altitude areas, the delay in bagging time is not significant. Areas with high altitude, large temperature difference between day and night, and low rainfall have good bagging effects twice. In areas with high temperature and low ventilation and low moisture, it is not ideal to use pouches, and the effect of bagging is good once. Therefore, in order to exert the comprehensive effect of pear fruit bagging, it must be timely bagging, the appropriate period of bagging should be the best during the beginning of the skin turning thick. Before the wheat harvest in southern Shandong must be completed.
6. Bagging sequence. First set the upper fruit, then set the next fruit, first set the inner fruit, and then set the outer fruit. Put the hand into the bag when bagging, make the bag up, hold the bottom of the bag, and open the vent holes in the two corners. Hold the bag 2 to 3 centimeters under the mouth and put on the fruit. From the middle to the two Side of the bag is folded in turn and then tied with a paper bag with a wire of 2.5 cm below the mouth of the bag. The fruit bag should be bundled in the upper part of the fruit shank near the fruit stand. Note that the pear fruit should be placed in the central part of the bag to make it vacant to prevent the paper bag from rubbing the fruit surface and form rust spots. When tying the mouth, do not tie the mouth of the bag into a trumpet, so as not to accumulate liquid medicine into the bag, causing phytotoxicity. Each inflorescence sets 1 fruit, 1 fruit and 1 bag.
Second, bagging matters needing attention
1. During the whole bagging process, do not touch the young fruit by hand to prevent the human skin from being damaged.
2. It is advisable to loosen the lashings. Do not use excessive force to prevent the shank from being broken. If the base of the shank is pulled or the tying of the tying wire is too tight, the fruit will be detached when the fruit grows or is too loose.
3. The mouth of the bag cannot be tied into a trumpet-shaped mouth to prevent accumulation of rainwater, medicines flowing into the bag, or diseases and insects entering the bag, and do not put the leaves in the bag.
4. When bagging, the vent must be opened and the fruit must be in the middle of the bag.
5. If the bagging period is not covered within 6 days after the rain or drug, the spraying shall be performed carefully.
6. Can not be bagged when the dew is not dry or the liquid is dry.
7. Pear fruit bagging is best for whole gardens and whole tree bags for centralized and unified management after bagging. If you want to use bagging, you must choose the golden mean tree or the moderate tree in the early fruit period. Do not choose old and weak trees, imaginary trees, diseased trees, solitary trees, tuyote trees, and old trees.
Third, whether the bag before picking problem
After pear fruit bagging, the sugar content was lower than that of bagging pear fruit. Before removing the bag, the sugar content of the fruit was increased to a certain extent, but the effect was not obvious, but had a greater impact on the color of the fruit spot and peel. , so pre-harvesting bags reduce the effect of bagging to improve the appearance of fruit quality.
Therefore, for the species that do not need to be colored, it should be bagged and harvested. When the bag is removed at the time of grading, it can prevent fruit from losing water, bumps, and fruit surface contamination. For varieties that need to be colored during fruit ripening, such as red pear, double bags are generally used for bagging. Bags should be removed 2 to 3 weeks before harvesting. To prevent sunburn, the bags may be excluded first, and the inner bag may be 2 to 3 After a sunny day, the red pears were soon colored after the inner bag was removed and the appearance was more beautiful.
The Belt type Separator is used for separation of beans, to remove bad , half beans, damaged beans, irregular size particles from round beans.
It can be used for soybean, green mung beans, black bean etc.
It is a special equipment for beans, and widely used for bean processing sector, it can be used together with our Seed Cleaner, Gravity Separator, Destoner, Bean Polishing Machine etc to process beans.
We have three models, the 5XDC-3 Belt type Separator has six belt layers, capacity 3t/h. the 5XDC-4 Belt type Separator has eight belt layers, capacity 4t/h. the 5XDC-5 Belt type Separator has ten belt layers, capacity 5t/h.
Specification of Belt type Separator
|
Model |
Capacity (kg) |
Power (kw) |
Dimension(L*W*H mm) |
Weight(kg) |
|
5XDC-3 |
3000 |
2.95 |
3700*2000*2900 |
1200 |
|
5XDC-4 |
4000 |
3.25 |
4100*2000*2900 |
1600 |
|
5XDC-5 |
5000 |
4 |
4500*2000*3300 |
1800 |
FAQ:
1. How about payment terms?
Usually is 30%TT in advance, balance 70%TT before shipment. We also accept L/C at sight, Paypal, West Union, Money Gram etc.
2. How long is the delivery time?
15 days after payment
3. How about packaging?
We will pack machine into plywood box if ship by LCL. If ship by FCL, we will coat machine with plastic film and fixed well by belt fastener, strong iron wire and steel wedge etc.
4. Is there any warranty?
Warranty is 1 year.
5. Installation and commission?
We can send engineer to help installation and commissioning, but you should pay for visa, air tickets, salary and arrange food and hotel when our engineer in your country.
6. Do you have some videos that will help us on assemble or run the machines?
Yes, we have videos on how to assemble and use our machines, will send you a CD when ship the machine to you.
Belt Type Separator
Belt Type Separator,Bean Belt Separator,Soybean Separator,Round Bean Separator
SHIJIAZHUANG SYNMEC INTERNATIONAL TRADING LIMITED , https://www.seedgraincleaner.com