Methods for preventing and controlling diseases and pests in fruit trees during dormancy
2019-06-05 08:03:37
The diseases and pests of fruit trees are more concentrated in the dormant wintering sites and the early spring early-warning periods. The pests are of the same age and are easy to focus on annihilation. It is the weakest period of the year and can be completely eliminated. All deciduous fruit trees are deciduous and have strong resistance to drugs. Spraying drugs is easy to be even and thorough. Therefore, the use of winter, early spring favorable timing, combined with cultivation measures to prevent and eliminate pests, the best effect. The main measures are:
1. Plowing, adding organic fertilizers, and refurbishing irrigation and drainage facilities. The depth of ploughing should not be less than 60 cm, which can improve the soil structure, increase soil fertility, promote fruit tree growth and development, and enhance the resistance to pests and diseases. In the soil, the wintering pests are turned to the surface for freezing or drying, some are eaten by birds and natural enemies, some are crushed by ploughs, and weeds, fallen leaves, and diseased fruits with pests on the soil surface can also be turned over. Into the depths of the soil, not only increase the source of fertilizer, but also reduce the source of pests and diseases. In winter orchards, more cooked organic fertilizer is applied after ploughing, which helps to improve the soil, promote root development, and increase disease resistance and insect resistance. At the same time, winter ploughing combined with irrigation and drainage facilities for orchards, drought irrigation and flooding can help the fruit trees grow robustly, resist disease and insects, and bear fruit.
2, trim, scrape, white. Reasonable pruning can make the orchard airy and transparent, and the tree can be reasonably burdened, prevent the size of the year, and enhance the ability to resist pests and diseases. During pruning, pests, branches, shoots, etc. are cut off, concentrated burned and buried deeply, and Borreaux fluid protection is applied to the pruning wounds to reduce the invasion of pathogens and the hiding of pests and diseases. Scraping branches, rough skin, and diseased skin lesions in winter to burn them out, destroying red spiders, carnivores, star caterpillars, armyworms, etc., and dry rot, rot, and ring rot in winter climbing cracks. Trunk diseases have better control effect. After shaving the skin, it must be evenly and carefully whitened.
3, chemical control. At the late stage of fruit dormancy, the tree body was sprayed once with the 4% oil containing purple oil emulsion, and then sprayed with 5 Baume degree lime sulfur over 15 days. This can significantly reduce the incidence of fruit tree pests. For stem pests and other long-horned cattle, use a contact pesticide to dilute 50 times into the borehole. In early spring, the temperature gradually rises, and the fruit trees gradually release dormancy. All kinds of pests and diseases begin to infect first time and cause damage. At this time, according to the specific types of diseases and insects, appropriate counterparts must be sprayed to concentrate the killing.
1. Plowing, adding organic fertilizers, and refurbishing irrigation and drainage facilities. The depth of ploughing should not be less than 60 cm, which can improve the soil structure, increase soil fertility, promote fruit tree growth and development, and enhance the resistance to pests and diseases. In the soil, the wintering pests are turned to the surface for freezing or drying, some are eaten by birds and natural enemies, some are crushed by ploughs, and weeds, fallen leaves, and diseased fruits with pests on the soil surface can also be turned over. Into the depths of the soil, not only increase the source of fertilizer, but also reduce the source of pests and diseases. In winter orchards, more cooked organic fertilizer is applied after ploughing, which helps to improve the soil, promote root development, and increase disease resistance and insect resistance. At the same time, winter ploughing combined with irrigation and drainage facilities for orchards, drought irrigation and flooding can help the fruit trees grow robustly, resist disease and insects, and bear fruit.
2, trim, scrape, white. Reasonable pruning can make the orchard airy and transparent, and the tree can be reasonably burdened, prevent the size of the year, and enhance the ability to resist pests and diseases. During pruning, pests, branches, shoots, etc. are cut off, concentrated burned and buried deeply, and Borreaux fluid protection is applied to the pruning wounds to reduce the invasion of pathogens and the hiding of pests and diseases. Scraping branches, rough skin, and diseased skin lesions in winter to burn them out, destroying red spiders, carnivores, star caterpillars, armyworms, etc., and dry rot, rot, and ring rot in winter climbing cracks. Trunk diseases have better control effect. After shaving the skin, it must be evenly and carefully whitened.
3, chemical control. At the late stage of fruit dormancy, the tree body was sprayed once with the 4% oil containing purple oil emulsion, and then sprayed with 5 Baume degree lime sulfur over 15 days. This can significantly reduce the incidence of fruit tree pests. For stem pests and other long-horned cattle, use a contact pesticide to dilute 50 times into the borehole. In early spring, the temperature gradually rises, and the fruit trees gradually release dormancy. All kinds of pests and diseases begin to infect first time and cause damage. At this time, according to the specific types of diseases and insects, appropriate counterparts must be sprayed to concentrate the killing.
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