Loach farming techniques
Muddy meat is delicate and nutritious, and can be eaten fresh or dried for consumption. It has nourishing medicinal effects. Loach mostly inhabits the still water and the bottom layer of the mud, which is more in summer. Loach breeding technology is simple and the breeding efficiency is high. It is a good way to develop special aquaculture. This edition edits a group of loach breeding techniques for farmers' reference.
1 Raising seedlings to teach science
Breeding muddy seedlings are prone to problems that are easy to breed and difficult to cultivate. At present, the survival rate of seedlings is generally about 20%. If you want to improve the survival rate of seedlings, you must pay attention to scientific methods.
Muddy hatching ponds are preferably cement ponds larger than 20 square meters. After 3 days of hatching and emergence, they are not in a hurry to separate ponds. The original ponds are used to cultivate strong seedlings and lower ponds. During this period, appropriate amount of egg yolks are fed and the seedlings grow to 1 in 1 week's time. Around centimeters, the ability to avoid predators increases and then divides the pond.
Thoroughly clean the pond with quicklime or bleach before putting it aside. Wait until the toxicity of the water completely disappears after 1 week before releasing the seedlings. Before putting the seedlings in place, put a few tail muddy seedlings to test the water beforehand. There is no abnormal reaction within 4~8 hours. Muddy seedlings can be formally under the pond, the pond water depth is generally maintained at 30 to 50 cm. Put 300 kg of decomposed manure before putting seedlings in order to cultivate natural food. After 3 to 5 days, the plankton in the pond will breed to the peak period, and the seed will be put in time.
About 150,000 larvae of mud larvae are placed per acre, and the special mash or self-made powder is used every day for the muddy seedlings. The milk is not advocated for milk, and the milk is not palatable, but it is not easy to control the water quality. The early stage of breeding of muddy seedlings requires high dissolved oxygen in the water body. Generally, the dissolved oxygen in the water body should reach 4-5 milligrams per liter. The use of sprinkler heads for watering has better oxygenation effect, and the water spray is small and dense, and will not be weak for weak seedlings. Injury. The transparency of the pond water body is controlled at 30 cm or more, and the muddy seedlings can be cultured in ponds after cultivation for 1 week.
2 Tips for Transferring Ponds
Muddy seedlings after a certain period of time to achieve the size of seedlings, then there will be fish pond water quality, sediment aging, plankton and other natural food lack, the number and density of fry is difficult to accurately estimate the feed amount is difficult to grasp and other conditions. In order to increase the growth rate of the loach, a reasonable breeding density is designed to facilitate the feeding and management of the adult fish, and the fish should be caught, the number of enclosures, and the transfer to the aquaculture. After the muddy seedlings have been transferred to re-cultivation of excellent water quality ponds, a new round of growth peaks will appear again. At the same time, large pests and wild fish can be effectively cleaned during the transfer process.
The fry health status should be checked a few days before fry fishing and insecticide sterilization. Keep a minimum of one day before fishing. If the use of net fishing, pull the net before 2 to 3 hours should also Quanchiposa an anti-stress drug, such as vitamin C, multi-dimensional, polysaccharides and so on. At the same time, it is necessary to prepare a hanging water cage or a holding tank, and maintain the cleanliness of the water, high dissolved oxygen, and suitable water temperature. In order to minimize the damage of the fry, you should use a dense mesh, soft material, or a net cage for fishing.
The muddy seedlings that are harvested should be promptly transferred to the cage for water treatment to remove sediment, body excrement and metabolic mucus. Loach is a benthic fish. It has a timid nature and is afraid of light. It squabbles violently in the course of fishing and hanging. It produces a strong stress reaction, consumes a great deal of physical strength and dissolves oxygen. If the plot is serious, it will make the fry upper lip or Tail injury. Therefore, anti-stress treatment should be done during the lifting of water, and at the same time, attention should be paid to oxygen and water changes. According to the length of transportation, dredging time is generally 2 to 10 hours. After the water is lifted, it is necessary to remove the dead or disabled fish, pests and wild fish in the cage, and consider whether the fish needs to be screened and classified according to the uniformity of the fry.
3 Transfer pool disinfection and management
Mud seedlings should be sprayed with anti-stress drugs in the whole pool for 2 hours before the next pond and the pond aerator should be opened to balance the temperature and dissolved oxygen in the upper and lower layers of the water body. In order to prevent fish seedlings from being caught, transported, or damaged in the course of suspending water, and surface permeable hemorrhages and infections caused by stress reactions, fish bowls need to be disinfected before the lower pool. The drug bath disinfection should use drugs that are less irritating to fry, such as povidone iodine, potassium permanganate and so on. Fish fry medicated baths need to strictly control the liquid concentration and bath time, and do observe at any time, find out that abnormal conditions should be fished out in time to avoid fish fry caused by improper use of fish fry. With a certain concentration of EM bacteria solution, the mud pool seedlings after the drug bath after the pool, have a certain effect on the recovery of traumatic infection, EM medicine during the bath required good water quality indicators. If it is impossible to make the pool after the medicinal bath because of special circumstances, the whole pool should be disinfected with a low-dose disinfectant solution for 3 consecutive days after the fry.
The lower pool of fish seedlings should try to choose the deep water in the open area of ​​the fish pond uptake, and clear the pool in sunny morning or late evening to avoid the pool under high temperature, strong light period and rainy weather. No feeding on the day of the next pond, to adapt it to the fish pond water quality environment. A small amount of feeding was started on the next day in the lower pool, and the grazing pool was observed at any time to observe the feeding and activities of the fry. One week after entering the pool into the normal feeding stage. The soil is best kept in loam or clay, which has strong water retention. The sandy soil is the worst. At the same time, soil fertility is loose, humus is abundant, and the tillage layer is acid or neutral. The mud layer is about 20 cm deep. After drying, it does not compact. It has large water capacity, no water retention, no water seepage, water retention, and strong fertility. It keeps the field water for a longer period of time. The required deep water temperature is relatively stable, which is beneficial to natural conditions. Reproduction of bait. Adult fish farms should do a good job in clearing ponds and fertilizers in advance to maintain a water level of 1 meter or more, and the water transparency is 20 to 30 centimeters.
4 Early preparation for disease prevention and control
In the natural water body, the loach disease has less pests and diseases, but when the artificial feeding and management is poor or the stocking density is too high, and the water quality is deteriorated and the environment is seriously bad, the chance that the loach disease will increase will directly affect the growth rate and the survival rate. Therefore, to adjust the water environment in order to reduce the incidence of disease.
Excluding some of the formation water, not more than 1/3 of the total body of water, change the water for 2 to 3 days, change 1/3 per day, can be splashed with heavy poison to prevent the bottom of the toxins rise. Use the bottom of the poison to eliminate or the road, so that it sinks into the bottom of the decomposition of oxidized sludge, if there is a float out of the pond. 3 to 5 days after the addition of water reset, with lactic acid bacteria mixed with sand to the pond.
Bleeding
Due to chronic hypoxia or physiological hypoxia, leading to blood circulation and metabolic disorders, so that the toxic substances in the blood can not be discharged to the outside, causing capillary bleeding in vulnerable parts of the body, resulting in secondary bacterial infections, common rot disease , fin disease, rotten tail disease derived from this, the summer is popular. Usually can use the bottom of the poison to eliminate the entire pool spilled, feeding should be more spilled. During the treatment, first use 3 grams of heavy toxic clearance per package, 2 hours after the use of amino acid iodine and a drop of the spirit of the virus 250 ml Quanchiposa, and then once again every other day. Mild conditions can be used to eliminate poisoning 3.5 acres per head. At the same time combined with internal medicine, with liver Qi Qingqing each 40 pounds + heat Xiaoyangning 80 kg per feed, 2 times a day, and even served 3 to 5 days.
Enteritis
Most of the pathogens were intestinal Aeromonas punctiformes, the diseased fish anal swelling, yellow mucus overflowed when severe. There was no food in the intestine or there was a small amount of food and digestive waste in the intestine in the back of the intestine. The intestinal wall was red and red in severity. The sickness often travels alone and is slow, sluggish, dull and unfeedable, and eventually dies in the bottom of the pool and dies or suffocates. The use of hepatic intestine poisoning each 40 pounds + heat detoxification Ning 80 pounds each + emptying stomach Qi Ling 80 pounds per pack treatment, 2 times a day, and even served 3 to 5 days.
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