How to breed good human crabs
How to breed good artificially-breeding crabs (crab-eye larvae)? After years of practice, the author believes that: for the crabs reared in that year, the farming strategy of “losing the middle and catching two†should be adopted, that is, either For large-size commodity crabs, either smaller crab species can be cultivated. Therefore, before raising crabs, the farmer should first determine the breeding target of the year, and then take corresponding breeding measures around the breeding goal. ?
If the breeding target for the year is the listing of farmed crabs, we must choose the large-eye larvae of the recurrent crabs that emerged from March to April and use the greenhouse or plastic shed to intensify the cultivation for more than 40 days, so that the young crabs can grow to 5 to 6 months old. , specifications up to 3 000 per kilogram. It is stocked in mid-May. Choose a pond with a large slope at the bottom of the pond, shallow water, and 50 centimeters of shallow water ponds that account for about 50% of the total pond area. 1 500 5-6 crabs were stocked per mu. During the cultivation period, it is necessary to constantly change the water to promote the growth of crabs; the main feeding is concentrated materials, and there must be sufficient animal feed such as snails and small trash fish. After more than 5 months of breeding, by the end of October, each commodity crab weighing up to 100 grams can be cultivated, and a few of them each weighing as much as 125 grams or more. ?
If the breeding goal is to cultivate crab species, it is best to select the large-eyed larvae of crabs that emerge from May to June, and raise them to 3 to 4 juvenile crabs after raising them, and then stocking them to ponds, which can be stocked for 4,000 mu per mu. 5,000 3 to 4 juvenile crabs can be adjusted for stocking density depending on the growth rate of crabs during the cultivation period. Crab pool water depth is maintained at about 1.5 meters, water temperature below 20 °C. The bottom of the plant is planted with aquatic plants such as Vallisneria, Agriocus sclerophylla, and Rotenopsis, and the water surface is transplanted with water hyacinths, water peanuts, and water lettuces. In the summer, it is only necessary to feed the crab with a small amount of plant food so that the crab is often half-starved. After mid-September, some animal feeds can be fed to ensure that the crab species thrive and winter. In this way, the crab species can generally reach 80 to 120 per kilogram, and the specifications are neat and lively, and the gonads are not mature. In the second year, 1 000 to 1 500 crab species of this size can be stocked on an acre basis. After a few months of cultivation, the 2nd-instar crabs weigh more than 125 grams each.
Medicine Peptides and protein drugs are emerging. There are now 35 important therapeutics on the market, and the development of biotechnology and biopharmaceutical companies is becoming increasingly global. Biotechnology drug research focuses on the application of DNA recombinant technology to develop peptides, proteins, enzymes, hormones, vaccines, cell growth factors and monoclonal antibodies that can be used in clinical applications. According to Parexl's Pharmaceutical R&D Statistical Source Book, there are currently 723 biotech drugs under FDA review (including phase â…° to iii clinical and FDA evaluation), 700 drugs are in early stage (research and preclinical). More than 200 additional drugs are in the final stage of approval (Phase iii clinical and FDA evaluation). The basic dosage form of biotech drugs is lyophilized. Although the efficacy of conventional preparations has long been clinically proven, they need to be injected frequently for a long time due to their short half-life, which is difficult to accept from the perspective of psychological and economic burden on patients. To this end, scholars around the world mainly from two aspects to study and develop convenient and reasonable drug delivery approaches and new preparations: (1) embedment agent and sustained-release injection. â‘¡ Non-injectable dosage forms, such as respiratory inhalation, rectal administration, nasal administration, oral administration and transdermal administration, etc. Injectable preparations of sustained-release biotechnological drugs are new dosage forms with promising applications. Some of them, such as microsphere injections of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) analogues which can be sustained-release for 1 to 3 months, have been on the market. This paper focuses on this kind of preparations.Main types of peptides and protein drug sustained-release preparations The research and development of peptides and protein drug sustained-release preparations can be divided into two types, namely, embedment agent and microsphere injection, from the perspective of development process and dosage form. The shape of the implant is a hollow micro-fine rod, one end is closed, the other end is open, and the rod material is non-biodegradable polymer such as ptfe. The lumen was filled with a mixture of drugs and silica gel (silastic, polydimethylsiloxane). The implant is embedded under the skin, and the drug is released slowly through the opening of silica gel matrix. The American Physicians' Handbook (PDR) contains a product called Norplant? Levo-18 ethyl norethinnes, used in family planning. The preparation, each with a diameter of 2.4 mm and a length of 34 mm, is surgically implanted in the inner side of the patient's upper arm with 6 thin rods. The drug can be released in the body in zero-grade mode for up to 5 years, and then removed by surgery after release,1.1.2 Micro-osmotic pump embedding agent The United States Alza company in the 1970s developed an embedding agent shaped like a capsule, which is embedded in the skin or other parts. The body fluid can penetrate through the shell, dissolve the interlayer electrolytic layer, make the volume expansion of the interlayer pressure to the plastic inner cavity, and promote the drug solution from the opening of the fixed speed release. Many biomolecular drugs, such as insulin, heparin and nerve growth factor, have been reported as model drugs in vivo and in vitro. Implants have positive significance for the treatment of chronic patients who need long-term medication, but it has the following defects: â‘ must be surgically implanted. â‘¡ The skeleton material of the preparation is non-biodegradable polymer, which needs to be removed by surgery after release. â‘¢ The preparation has irritation and discomfort in local tissues. Evaluation methods for polypeptide protein drugs: 1. Liquid chromatography 2. Spectroscopic 3. Solvent-based versions are easy to use, but need to be kept at low temperatures (2-8 degrees Celsius).
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