High-efficiency cultivation and management technology for fruit radish in greenhouse
How to grow fruit radish? In general, fruit radish can be eaten raw, but also can be marinated, fried, etc., has a unique taste and is now cultivated in many parts of China. The following is mainly to learn the facility cultivation techniques of fruit radish.
1 Origin selection
Sandy loam with deep and loose soil, good drainage and good fertility should be selected. The pH of the soil is preferably neutral or slightly acidic, and the pH is suitably 6.5.
2 sowing season
Sowing in the middle and late September. For the cruciferous crops, it is advisable to use peanuts, soybeans and sesame seeds.
3 variety selection
Choose fruit radish varieties that are crispy, juicy, sweet, delicate and tasteful, such as Xinmei, Mantanghong, Shawo, and Weiqing.
4 Field cultivation
4.1 Daejeon Preparation
The soil is ploughed 15 to 20 days in advance, and the three ploughs are three ploughs. The depth of cultivated land is 25 to 30 cm. It is cultivated in two rows of ridges with a width of 20~25 cm, a ridge height of 20-30 cm and a ridge width of 50-60 cm.
4.2 Seeding technology
The amount of seed is 250-300 g per 667 m2. The plant spacing is 20-25 cm, and 2 to 3 seeds are planted per hole. After sowing, the fine soil is 0.5~1.0 cm.
4.3 Miao Ding Miao
When pulling the word "ten", the first time seedlings should be fixed in 5 to 6 true leaves, leaving 1 seedling per hole.
4.4 cultivating and weeding
It is advisable to choose weeding and weeding 2~3 times in sunny days, and stop cultivating and weeding after the plants are closed.
4.5 Water Management
Immediately after sowing, the water can be irrigated or sprinkled, and the effective water content of the soil should be above 80%. The effective water content of the soil during seedling stage should be above 60%. The maximum soil effective water content during the swell of the fleshy root is preferably 70% to 80%.
5 Fertilizer management
5.1 Fertilization Principle
In the early stage of radish growth, commercial organic fertilizers and nitrogen fertilizers with functional microorganisms were added, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were added in the middle and late stages to promote the rapid expansion of fleshy roots.
5.2 Fertilization method
Calculated with 15-15-15 compound fertilizer as the main fertilizer, 40 kg of compound fertilizer, 10 kg of urea, 15 kg of potassium fertilizer (potassium sulfate), 350 kg of commercial organic fertilizer, 0.5 kg of borax and 8 kg of magnesium fertilizer per 667 m2. Compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, medium and trace element fertilizer 100% as base fertilizer, urea and potassium fertilizer as top dressing.
6 pest control
Carry out the plant protection policy of “prevention first, comprehensive preventionâ€, and create an environmental condition conducive to the growth and development of fruit radish by selecting resistant varieties, cultivating strong seedlings, strengthening cultivation management, scientific fertilization, improving and optimizing the vegetable field ecosystem; Priority is given to agricultural control, physical control, biological control, and scientific and rational chemical control to control the harmful effects of fruit radish pests below the allowable economic threshold.
6.1 Main pests and diseases
The main diseases are black rot, downy mildew and viral diseases. The main pests are yellow-curved beetle, aphid, diamondback moth, cabbage caterpillar, Spodoptera litura, and whitefly.
6.2 Control measures
1 Agricultural control
Select resistant varieties, implement a rotation system, use deep ditch sorghum, rational close planting, and clean the pastoral.
2 physical control
It is controlled by physical means such as yellow board and insecticidal lamp trapping.
a. Set the yellow board to trap the winged cockroach. Cut waste fiber paper or cardboard into strips of 100 cm × 20 cm, apply yellow paint, and apply a layer of engine oil, hanging between rows or plants, above the top of the plant, when the yellow board is covered with mites, then Recoat a layer of engine oil, preferably recoat once every 7 to 10 days. Hang 30 to 40 pieces of yellow sticky board per 667m2.
b. Install the insecticidal lamp. In the vegetable fields with relatively flat terrain, the insecticidal lamps should be arranged in a checkerboard pattern, and the installation height of the insecticidal lamps should be 1.3~1.5 m. Start using the local pests during the initial period, turn off the lights every day at 20:00, and turn off the lights at 7:00 the next day.
3 biological control
Prevention and control of natural enemies, cabbage caterpillars, etc. can be controlled by natural enemies such as Trichogramma. It is advisable to use plant-derived pesticides such as matrine, azadirachtin and other biologically-derived pesticides such as agricultural streptomycin and neomycin.
4 chemical control
See Table 1 for chemical control methods. The use of the agent should be in accordance with NY/T 393, and different agents should be used interchangeably.
7 harvesting
The harvesting period of fruit radish varies from species to species. Generally, the fleshy roots are fully expanded, the base is rounded (commonly known as round scorpion), the leaf color turns lighter, and when it turns from green to yellow, it should be harvested in time.
Most varieties of roots that are exposed to the ground should be harvested in time before frost to avoid freezing damage. Any variety of roots buried in the soil, due to soil protection, can be properly late to increase production.
The above is the whole content of the cultivation of fruit radish in the facility today. Welcome the friends of the farmers who need it to come to study! (Author: Yuanwei Ling Chen Leifu, etc.)
Jiangsu Tiera Biotechnology Co., Ltd , https://www.tierabio.com