Citrus big fruit fly is harmless to humans and animals
In recent reports of outbreaks of orange outbreaks in Sichuan and other places, the reporter interviewed an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Deng Xiuxin, the chief citrus expert of the National Modern Agricultural Technology System.
Reporter: In recent days, there have been rumors of the outbreak of oranges in Sichuan and other places on the Internet and mobile phones. What do you know about the situation?
Deng Xiuxin: The citrus fruit fly has been harmed for decades in China. The epidemic in Sichuan Province was mainly concentrated in Wangcang County, Guangyuan City. The outbreak was discovered at the end of September this year. According to investigations, a total of 68,217 citrus fruits in 11 villages and towns in the county had an outbreak of Bactrocera spp., accounting for 8.9% of the total number of citrus fruits in the county, and the rate of fruit failure was 1%.
On October 4th, a local newspaper in Sichuan Province reported falsely on the citrus fruit fly of Wangcang County and was later reproduced by several websites. In mid-October, some people also used cell phone text messages to carry out malicious speculation, which was causing social problems. Influence; On October 21, some media claimed that Sichuan found oyster oranges in Taiyuan, Shanxi, verified by the Shanxi Provincial Department of Agriculture, Taiyuan did not find diseased citrus, and the related personnel of the plant protection station mentioned in the report did not exist.
On October 22, someone reported to the Ministry of Agriculture that oyster orange was found in a supermarket in Beijing. The Planting Division of the Ministry of Agriculture immediately organized the Beijing Plant Protection Station to include 12 supermarkets, wholesale markets and retail markets in Haidian, Chaoyang and Changping districts of the supermarket, and collected 243 citrus samples from 19 citrus sales outlets. According to the experts of the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, no large fruit fly and other insects have been found.
On October 23, the Internet reprinted a Chongqing media claim to discover oyster oranges in Chongqing, and stressed that citrus was produced in Guangxi. The market investigation conducted by the Chongqing Municipality found no results.
Reporter: So what kind of diseases and pests does the citrus fruit fly mean? Does it have an impact on human health?
Deng Xiuxin: The discovery of cockroaches in oranges is usually caused by the infestation of citrus fruit fly pests. The fruit flies belong to the family Diptera, which is an important fruit and vegetable pest. There are more than 4,000 species of fruit flies in the world. About 400 species of fruit flies are known in China, and there are more than 50 important species that pose a potential threat to fruit or vegetable crops. Species, quarantine flies belonging to nearly 20 species (genus). This type of pest has always been the object of prevention and control of fruit and vegetable industries in all countries of the world. The main citrus damage in China is citrus fruit fly.
Citrus mandarin only harms citrus, which occurs once a year and is an endemic pest of citrus fruit. Adults lay eggs under the skin, and the larvae dive in the fruit, causing fruit drop and fruit rot, losing economic value. The fruit fly pests and common insects on the vegetables we see, such as cabbage caterpillars, are insects that are harmless to humans and animals. It is different from parasites in animal bodies and does not cause zoonotic diseases.
Reporter: What are the current prevention and control measures against the damage caused by citrus fruit flies?
Deng Xiuxin: China attaches great importance to the prevention and treatment of fruit flies, and has already figured out some effective prevention and control measures and established a set of monitoring and forecasting systems. In areas where fruit fly is endangered, agricultural departments at all levels have been monitoring and controlling fruit flies as an important task in ensuring the high yield of citrus. From the biological characteristics of fruit flies and the lessons learned from prevention and treatment, it can be seen that as long as the mechanism of joint prevention and treatment is established, Bactrocera can be effectively controlled and extinguished.
The long-distance transmission of fruit flies is mainly through fruit transport. Therefore, strengthening the quarantine during fruit transportation is an effective way to prevent the spread of fruit flies. For fruit orchards where fruit flies have been found, the removal of victims, picking up fruits and falling fruits, and then concentrating on the deep burial of lime are the effective agronomic measures that have been used by people for years to harmlessly treat and eradicate pests. The buried fruit mentioned in the text message is a normal part of the comprehensive prevention and control of fruit flies, and is an environmentally friendly prevention and control measure that does not harm the environment and human physical and mental health.
According to the information from the Sichuan Provincial Department of Agriculture, at present, Wangcang County has destroyed 1252 tons of fruit, including 12 tons of pods. The direct economic loss caused by pods was only 36,000 yuan (the government has raised funds to compensate farmers), and No citrus fruit shipped out, eliminating the hidden dangers of the epidemic, the epidemic has been effectively controlled. The Ministry of Agriculture has also organized plant quarantine agencies around the country to conduct in-depth investigations of the epidemic situation in the areas under its jurisdiction and strengthen the quarantine in the transportation of fruits and nursery stocks. The fruit orchards of fruit flies have been found to have been removed, harvested, picked, dropped, and innocuously treated. Measures.
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