Carp artificial breeding technology
Squid is one of the common economic fish. Its delicious meat, rich in protein, vitamins, niacin, phosphorus and iron and other nutrients, can make up liver and kidney, spleen and stomach, can cure fetal movement, postpartum milk less embolism. Carp has the characteristics of fast growth, wide adaptability, strong resistance to disease, etc. Naturally, small fish and shrimp are used as food, and the economic benefits of artificial breeding are high. This issue introduces a group of squid artificial breeding techniques for farmers' reference.
1. Aquaculture environment requirements
The area of ​​the pond for rearing catfish should not be too large, the pond is too small, the water body is narrow, and the dissolved oxygen is not enough, and it is difficult to achieve high yield; the pond is too large and too deep, which is unfavorable to the production operation. It is suitable for 8~12 mu water depth of about 2 meters. Sandy bottom soil, less silt, flat bottom, slightly inclined to the outlet, water depth 1.54 meters, drainage and irrigation system is perfect, water is abundant, fresh, no pollution, good water quality . The ponds are best equipped with drainage gates, which lead to the rivers for drainage and drainage respectively, and do not reuse the culture water to avoid secondary pollution. Use a fine net to divide the pond to make it easier for the fry to eat. Each 1.2 ~ 1.5 acres of water surface equipped with an aerator, and must be configured to ensure that the water pump can be replaced at any time new water, diesel generators to prevent power outages in the pond hypoxia.
Ponds used for farmed eel are allowed to go through dry ponds, dredging and exposure before they can be planted. The first half of the seedlings should be disinfected once, and 150 mu of quicklime or 20 mg/litre of bleaching powder should be applied per mu to sterilize the water. If not exposed to the dry pond, use tea bran to break up and soak the whole pond. Exposure, in the 10 to 15 days before the release of water about 10 cm, with lime per acre 80 to 100 kg, plus 5 kg of bleach every other day, water Quanchiposa, clear pond disinfection, and thoroughly remove the wild fish.
2. Cultivate stocking fry
Every year from the beginning of December to the following March, the seedlings are released. The seedlings harvested from the sea area are 1.5 to 2 cm in length. They must be desalinated until the salinity of 4 to 7 to enter the holding pool of salinity of 1 ton. transition. General stocking density of about 8000 per acre, choose sunny noon Fangmiao, this time the water temperature, dissolved oxygen can reduce the fry disobedient, fry after disinfection with water into the prepared grid. Due to the high density of breeding and feeding, the squid rarely seeks to eat leftover bait at the bottom of the pond. Therefore, after the net is removed, a small amount of squid, Luofei or squid (omnivorous) should be placed per mu and a small amount of flower pods (filter feeder) should be used. To reduce water pollution and increase aquaculture efficiency.
The next day, the pool began to feed fresh live bait, such as zooplankton and red worm. Slowly mix the fish slurry, buoyant particles, bait and fresh live bait, and gradually domesticate them until they are fed and crushed. feed. During the holding period, it is disinfected once a week with 0.3 IU of strong chlorine or 15 IU of formalin. 0.5 grams of furazolidone, 3 grams of oxytetracycline, and 1 gram of Vitamin C were taken within 50 days before the start of feeding, and fed once a day.
After being raised for 4 to 6 centimeters after more than 20 days, they are bred and bred by size. The stocking density is generally 2500 to 3500 per mu, and the water depth is 1.5 meters or more. The suitable water for the pool water is maintained, with a transparency of 30 cm. Green oil is appropriate. Feeding twice a day, the main feed is chopped fish gizzards and buoyant pellet feeds. Vitamins B and C are added to the feed, and the daily feed is 6% of the fish's weight. Each month, oxytetracycline, erythromycin, and vitamins were mixed and baited twice a day for 3 consecutive days. At the same time, the whole pool of ponds was regularly disinfected with 0.4 IU of strong chlorine or 20 IU of formalin. . Do a good job of patrol pond management every day, turn on oxygen at night when the air pressure is low, and find that the pool water is bad to drain water in time to keep the pool water fresh.
After opening the seedlings to open enough oxygen, it is best to use aerated rock at the bottom of oxygen, the first day generally do not feed bait, one day after the gradual start of feeding training, require fixed-point timing, usually 4 meals, open bait to water spider is best Fish slurry can also be mixed part of the opening of carp feed, to 5 to 6 cm when the fry can gradually feed expansion materials, fry phase feeding appropriate to add anti-enteritis drugs, the grid gradually removed with the fry grow.
3. Strengthen daily management
When the adult carp seedlings are grown to about 10 cm in length, they are put into the pond for high survival rate of adult fish culture. The stocking specifications strive to be neat, so as to avoid mutual food, and the stocking density is preferably 1000 to 1,500 per acre. 40 species of fishes, 20 species of carp species, and 200 Pengze species to fully utilize water, regulate water quality, and increase production.
The appropriate temperature from September to October is the rapid fattening stage of carp, and water quality adjustment can't be ignored. The disinfected pond was filled with fresh water through a sieve, the water depth was about 80 cm, and part of the compound fertilizer was applied to cultivate plankton. Carp is a benthic fish and prefers to live in a clean water with a high dissolved oxygen (4 to 6 milligrams per liter and a transparency of 30 to 40 centimeters). It should be filled with fresh water in a flexible and timely manner based on water color and transparency. In the early days, due to the low temperature of the fish, the water quality was easily controlled, and the period of adding water and changing water could be longer. As the growth of fish and the increase of fish pond biomass increase, it is necessary to do a pondwalk, often inject new water, and use aerators to increase oxygen.
Feeding should be “fixed, timed, and quantified.†Generally, two meals are served on the day. At 6 to 7 o'clock in the morning and 6 to 7 o'clock in the evening, a bait bridge should be set up in the pond. Each meal is fed normally. Eighty percent is appropriate. In case of high temperature, cooling should be appropriate to reduce the amount of feeding, pay attention to the observation of each fish feeding and health status, in order to take timely contingency measures. Fresh water and adequate dissolved oxygen should be maintained, and the density of the fish should be high. Residues of residual baits and excrement are likely to remain on the bottom of the pond. Decomposition concentrations of harmful substances are high, oxygen is consumed in large amounts, and the number of oxygen generators can be increased as the fish grows. The release of biological agents can effectively degrade ammonia nitrogen and nitrite and maintain good water quality. At night, especially at 2 or 3 o'clock in the second half of the night, it is necessary to inspect the operation of the aerator.
4. Scientific prevention of diseases
Carp overeating is prone to enteritis, and during the day, changes in carp eating should be observed to determine their health status. Diseased fish abdomen enlargement, anal swelling, squeezing the abdomen with light yellow mucus outflow, due to feeding degenerative feed or excessive feeding, should be appropriate to control the amount of feeding, is conducive to reducing costs, to avoid pollution of water quality, reduce the incidence of gastro-intestinal diseases. The first reduction of treatment, it is best to stop feeding a meal, with wide-Bei antibacterial drug mixed bait feeding 3 to 5 days can be cured. At the same time, whether there is fish swimming or not, generally there will be a small amount of fish swimming before the onset of the disease. This is the best time for seeing a doctor and administering drugs, and it is also a critical period for prevention.
Autumn-prone hepatobiliary syndrome is mainly manifested in eating and eating, and there are fish swimming and unclear death. The main reason is that the high-density culture under the frequent application of drugs, chronic poisonous and harmful substances in the water accumulation in the fish, resulting in organ dysfunction and tissue damage. Or long-term overfeeding, long-term overload of fish liver causes metabolic disorders and metabolic disorders. The water environment should be well regulated and scientifically fed. Regular use of some Chinese herbal medicines for liver and gallbladder should be given to prevent it.
Autumn is prone to parasitic diseases, disinfection and insecticidal work should be done. Normally, it is disinfected once every 15 days, and the frequency depends on the fish's diet. Parasitic diseases occur in the middle of the body during the development phase of the fish and cocoon, showing the weight of the fish body, body color black, mouth erosion. General parasites are prone to secondary bacterial infections, so they are generally disinfected after insecticide. Use more water to improve the quality of water for prevention, the treatment can be used per liter of 0.77 to 1 mg of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate mixture (5:2) evenly spread the whole pond, or with 20 to 25 mg per liter of formalin Quantang spill.
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