Autumn sowing crop
Leguminous crops include broad bean, pea, and other autumn crops such as rapeseed and radish in the cruciferous family. They are sensitive to phosphate fertilizers and require large amounts. The application of phosphate fertilizer in autumn sowing can meet the demand for phosphorus in the critical period of phosphorus demand, and it is crucial to promote its early maturity, high quality and high yield, especially in the soil with phosphorus deficiency, and the yield can be greatly increased. Phosphorous-producing crops have a well-developed root system and strong phosphorus uptake. The utilization of phosphate fertilizers in the current season is generally about 10% higher than that of other crops.
Autumn crops are mostly dry crops, and under dry conditions, the availability of phosphorus is low. After entering the winter, the activity of microorganisms in the soil is weak, and the phosphorus capacity is small, the rate is slow, and the intensity is low. Moreover, under dry conditions, the soil water tension is large, the transport and diffusion of phosphates are reduced, and the phosphorus has a small displacement, and the effectiveness is lower than that of paddy under the condition of water 2~3. Times. In addition, some dry crops, such as wheat crops, originally belong to crops with poor response to phosphorus, while large and wheat crops require more phosphorus during the returning green period and the tillering stage. Therefore, the application of phosphorus should also be emphasized in the sowing period of wheat crops so as to meet the demand for phosphorus during the critical period.
From the point of view of improving the stress resistance of autumn crops, after the autumn sowed crop is sown, the crops are susceptible to drought and freezing under the conditions of less severe rain and low temperature during the winter season. After the application of the phosphate fertilizer, the autumn can be improved. The hydrated and adhesive nature of the cell protoplasm during the wintering season of the sown crops will reduce the freezing point, thereby improving the cold resistance and drought resistance of the crops, and will help the autumn sowing of crops safely overwintering.
In addition, the application of phosphate fertilizer is emphasized for autumn winter green manure. Not only leguminous green manure is a pyrophoric crop itself, and application of P fertilizer can enhance photosynthesis of plants, produce more carbohydrates, promote lush foliage, accumulate more substances, and can supply rhizobial growth and reproduction, and enhance nitrogen fixation. .
Therefore, although it is not necessary to apply phosphorus to every season crop in the different cropping systems, it is necessary to consider that the crop should be applied mainly to crops that can maximize the effect of phosphate fertilizer, and autumn crops are the best choice for phosphate fertilizers throughout the year. Mouthwash,
In the application method should pay attention to the following points: Phosphate fertilizer should be mixed with a variety of organic fertilizers or ammonium bicarbonate application, in the autumn sowing using acupuncture, apply as a base fertilizer, the general dosage of 20 ~ 25 kg per acre is appropriate, the depth of application It is 6 to 10 cm. At the same time can be supplemented with 3 ~ 5 kg of phosphate fertilizer plus 1 times dry fine soil dressing plant, the use of basal fertilizer and seed fertilizer, shallow and deep application of a combination of methods, you can get a good effect of fertilization.
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