Applying basal fertilizer to cotton fields
On July 3 last year, when the author visited the Xiaochen Group of Sanguan Village, Mahu Township, Feidong County, Anhui Province, a farmer surnamed Xue reported that his long-haired cotton technique (nutritive branch) was not long-fruited. In the case of bolls, the author learned from his exchanges with him that he had a lot of basal (bottom) fertilizer. He applied 10 tons of decomposed poultry manure per acre, and 15 kilograms per square meter. He looked at cotton plants growing thick green and looked closely. The vegetative growth is strong, the stems are thick but the ratio of red and green is imbalanced, the leaf area is large, the shade is severe, and there are many buds and shoots among the fruit branches. The vegetative growth inhibits reproductive growth. The reason is that the base (bottom) fertilizer is surplus and the nutrient-dispensing party is not balanced enough. The same species of neighboring peasant households has 2 to 3 peaches per plant, with lush buds. On March 13th this year, when the author went to the Shishanta Brigade of Jidong Farm in Hanchuan City, Hubei Province, a cadre in charge of agriculture said that his cotton area this year should be expanded to 18 mu, 5 mu more than last year, last year. 300 kg per mu of seed cotton, this year for 325 to 350 kg per mu, he said that per acre base (bottom) fertilizer is intended to apply 100 kg of compound fertilizer, invested 360 yuan, one for the high yield of cotton harvest; two to save the future fertilization labor. The author told him afterwards that this will increase the cost of fertilizer, and the second will be fat to cotton. He said that I will listen to you. At the moment, the spring plowing is on the verge. The ready-to-prepare and ready-to-apply fertilizers for cotton have already started. Every year, there are some typical examples of failures in cotton fertilization techniques. We must conscientiously summarize and learn lessons and scientifically develop the role of fertilization technology in increasing production.
Cotton is indeed a crop with a long growing period and a large amount of fertilizer, but the application of fertilizer is not without limits. Fertilization is insufficient. It is difficult for cotton to be in a state of starvation to achieve high yield. Excessive fertilization will not only waste investment, but also inhibit the growth and development of cotton. Reduce production.
According to our experience in summing up cotton production for many years, the principle of fertilization should be “basic (bottom) fertility, speed of seedling fertilizer, stable bud fertilizer, flower bell fertilizer, and pushi peach fertilizer.†Now, cotton will be applied immediately. (bottom), here we talk about the base (bottom) fertilizer, for the reference of the majority of farmers.
In the fertilizer required for cotton production, the basic (bottom) fertilizer accounts for 40% to 50% of the total amount of fertilizer, and top dressing fertilizer accounts for 50% to 60% of the total amount of fertilizer. If the base (bottom) fertilizer exceeds 50% of the cotton fields, it will cause the cotton seedlings to prosper early, and the budding bells will fall off, causing premature aging; the second will be harmed by pests and diseases. Cotton base (bottom) fertilizer, in the end how much is better, we can consider from two aspects, one is the ratio of formula fertilization; the second is the fertilizer input costs.
From the aspect of formula fertilization, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is preferably 1.0:0.3:1.0. According to this ratio, all kinds of fertilizers can be reasonably applied to avoid antagonism and affect the exertion of fertilizer efficiency. Hybrid insect-resistant cotton is very sensitive to potash fertilizer. Potassium fertilizer must be applied to all fertilizers.
In terms of fertilizer input, medium-fertilizer cotton fields produce about 350 kilograms of seed cotton, with 300-350 yuan per mu of fertilizer input, and 150 yuan of input for basic (bottom) fertilizer. Organic and inorganic fertilizers are recommended to be used in conjunction with the application, which will not only improve the soil but also ensure the balanced transport of various types of fertilizers and increase the fertilizer supply capacity of cotton fields. Base (bottom) fertilizer, bio-organic compound fertilizer can be used per mu 30 to 40 kg, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content of ternary compound fertilizer 15 to 20 kg, potassium fertilizer 10 to 15 kg, no biological organic fertilizer, can Increase the amount of ternary compound fertilizer, but still have to add potassium fertilizer.
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