What are the causes of abnormal appearance of rapeseed?
Yunmeng County in Hubei Province was famous in the 1970s for its large planting area and high production level. At that time, people came to visit and learn from each other and the national and provincial agricultural authorities held a live meeting here. At that time, due to the large number of young laborers, rapeseed cultivation was carefully managed through the method of seedling transplanting, and the yield of rapeseed per mu was about 250 kilograms. In recent years, due to the large number of young and middle-aged laborers working outside, the senior citizens of agricultural farming have a low level of education, and they have not mastered the production techniques of rapeseed. Recently, when we served in Yunmeng County, we had problems with farmers' consultation with rapeseed. The reply is as follows:
Q: The large group of old farmer Hu Yutian of Hutian Village in Shahe Township asked, when the leaves of rapeseed grow to 5-7 leaves at the seedling stage, why is the rape leaves of other people's homes green, and the leaves of rape in his family often appear red or dark green?
Answer: In normal rape, the leaves should generally be emerald green, indicating that the base fertilizer of rapeseed is applied more reasonably, while the leaves appear red or dark green, most of which are caused by lack of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer. Most of the “double low†oilseeds grown today are of the type of cabbage. The leaf color of nitrogen-deficient plants at the seedling stage will turn reddish or dark red, because nitrogen deficiency affects the formation of chlorophyll in leaves and makes anthocyanin more active. As the vitality of the leaves is reduced, the grain is lighter and the yield is reduced. In the absence of phosphorus, the amount of roots absorbed by rapeseeds was significantly reduced, and the amount of fertilizers was reduced. The leaves were dark green, some were dark purple, and then withered, flower bud differentiation was blocked, flowers were less, and the number of pods was small. The corresponding measure is to apply appropriate amounts of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer to the basal fertilizer, or to apply about 1,000 kilograms of mature human waste before wintering.
Q: A group of Lao Zheng asked the villagers of Chengdian Village in Dadian Town. Before the rapeseed twitches, why did the red crack appear at the base of the leaves? Why do you see pods when seeding?
A: Some rapeseeds grow stronger before twitching. After in-depth observation, it can be seen that the bases of some sunward sides of the rapeseed are enlarged, and the cortex is cracked, showing purplish red spots and developing upwards and downwards. The leaves are thick and fragile, the tip of the leaf is reeled, the buds turn green and yellow, and some dry off, the petals are shrunken, the flowering is not normal, the flowers are less real, or only flowerless. When this symptom was discovered, it was shown that the soil in this place was potentially deficient in boron, and that the use of boron fertilizer in basal fertilizer was neglected. Rapeseed is a very sensitive crop for boron fertilizer. In boron-deficient soil, adding boron fertilizer can greatly increase production. In addition to basal fertilization, boron should be applied in the middle and late management of the application of boron fertilizer, one can spray 0.1% to 0.2% of borax solution, two can be sprayed 0.1% to 0.15% of the Sonic boron solution.
Q: The old Sheng of the 6th group of Shengzhai Village in Hujindian Town asked how the rapeseeds that were growing earlier were more prosperous and reduced their yields in the later period.
Answer: If too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied to rape, it can promote nutrient growth and it looks good. It can bud, flowering period is delayed, the effective flowering period is shortened, the cell wall strength in the stem is reduced, the supporting ability is reduced, and it is easy to cause lodging and production reduction. Reducing oil content is also susceptible to disease and affects the quality of the product. Production must emphasize formula fertilization, balanced fertilization, promote the use of multiple organic fertilizers, use less available nitrogen fertilizer in base fertilizers, or apply multiple compound fertilizers with high nitrogen and potassium content and moderate phosphorus content.
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