The development direction of the gum farming industry

Although the current market price of gums has fallen from previous years, it still has great profits. Many research institutes and companies have carried out research on the new breeding techniques of gums, mainly in the following directions: (1) The production of fish genomes from the whole female seedlings of the gums is the current biotechnology in fish farming Study one of the most promising and most active aspects. It is possible to cultivate unisexual fry or polyploid fry suitable for breeding. Make it grow faster and shorten the breeding cycle. In terms of genetic breeding, the time for breeding excellent varieties can be greatly shortened. At present, many fish species have been studied. In particular, a number of practical achievements have been made in the cannabis family and tilapia. The growth of male and female individual gums varies greatly. According to the gulp weight growth model of natural seafood, females were higher than males in body weight: 16.2% at 2 years of age, 28.1% at 3rd instar, and 49.4% at 4th instar. Due to the influence of the nursery environment during the sexual transformation period, the number of female individuals is often less than 5%. The cultured male gingivae are almost all sexually mature at the age of one year. During this period, there was a half-year growth stagnation. The female color is not sexually mature at the age of one year and still grows rapidly. From larval rearing to rearing for about 1.5 years, the male tail weighs less than 500g and females reach more than 750g. Breeding 650d, male fish tail weight 500 ~ 600g females up l 000 ~ l 200g. To improve the breeding efficiency and shorten the breeding cycle, female gingiva is very beneficial. All-male gingiva include all female diploid and all female triploid. Because the dental triploid males are still like other triploid males during the sexual maturity. Growth stagnates. Seawater fish achieve conversion, unlike some freshwater fish. Direct application of hormonal conversion requires large amounts and drug residues, which is not allowed. Therefore, the development of dental fresh seedlings must rely on biotechnology. Chromosome manipulation technology is an effective way to not only cultivate suitable unisexual or polyploid fry, but also to bred a new line of late-maturing late-growth gingiva that grows evenly on a fast growing day. Wang Xincheng, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, conducted research in this area as early as 1994 and achieved certain results. (II) Keeping fresh and keeping fresh water The technology for keeping the gums has also been developed, from the development of low-density large-scale water transport to high-density mechanical oxygenation. Japan and other fishery developed countries have successively applied ecological ice temperature technology to long-distance waterless transportation studies of some marine animals. The technology of ice-warming and waterless transportation is becoming a new direction for future research on keep-alive transportation. The Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences conducted a study on the critical temperature, water-free keep-live technology, and the time for influencing the water-free keep-live of artificially cultured gingiva in 1999 in order to establish a complete set of technology for the preservation of gingiva without water , To open up a new way for the transport of gums and other marine fish. (3) Cage culture cages in shrimp ponds have both the advantages of high survival rate, rapid growth, and high yield per unit area. They also have the characteristics of convenient feeding and management of shrimp ponds, and their technical requirements are not high. A new farming method has been developed. It can make use of the currently idle shrimp ponds with little modification, with less investment, quick results, and high profitability. It is a breeding mode worthy of promotion. The Marine Fisheries Development Center of Liaoning Province carried out research in this area in 2000 and reached the following conclusion: The current price of live gingivae over 400g in the domestic market is 120 yuan/kg (2000) and the international market price is as high as 180 yuan/kg. , And the supply is tight. From the empirical analysis of this experiment, it can be imagined that if the fish fry >12cm is purchased, after being held in the middle for 15-18cm, the shrimp pond is cultured for l50-l70d. It is predicted that the survival rate will be 60%, and every 667m2 shrimp pond can be calculated. Dental fresh fish fry 160, about 100 out of the pool, the average weight of 600g, the output of 60kg, the output value of up to 7000 yuan. The fry cost is l 600 yuan; the bait coefficient is calculated as 1:4, the amount is 250 kg, and the bait cost is 500 yuan; other costs are about 500 yuan such as rent pool, labor costs, taxes and fees. That is, for every 667m2, the total cost of the shrimp pond is 2,600 yuan and the net profit is more than 4,000 yuan. This is a very substantial profit. If the management is good and the survival rate is improved, then the profits will increase. Therefore, we believe that the development of Ginger Shrimp Shrimp aquaculture is promising. (D) Industrialized cultured gums This will be the main breeding mode in the future. Gingiva is an important fish species cultivated in Rongcheng City. On the basis of years of gingival rearing, Qiu Family Fisheries Corporation has concluded a set of beneficial experiences. They cultivated from 3 cm to 5 cm in size to 30 cm in length and took only 7 months. Time, and the survival rate of fish culture as high as 60%, basically reached the domestic advanced level. (5) The prices of gums have fallen sharply in the past two years. Taking the 500g specification as an example, it fell from more than a hundred dollars the previous year to seven or eighty yuan last year. The current latest market price is more than 30 yuan. This is mainly due to the excessive production units and the drastic increase in supply caused by price declines. This year, the number of cultured gums in the South has increased. Since the cost of production in the south is lower than that in the north, prices may fall further. As long as the price is above 15 yuan, the breeding gums are still profitable.

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