Sweet corn processing and storage method
In addition to direct supply to the market, sweet corn spikes need to be quickly processed to maintain the high sugar content and freshness of sweet corn. Sweet corn products include canned sweet corn, frozen sweet corn, dehydrated sweet corn, and sweet corn beverages.
The main equipments for sweet corn canned sweet corn cans are: vacuum sealing machine, steam sandwich pot, autoclave and so on. Process technology points: (1) Raw materials: The ear of sweet corn with moderate maturity must be harvested, and the grains should be soft and full; (2) Peeling and dehairing: The outer skin and silk must be removed; (3) The threshing is an important process In the link, machine threshing is used, and the center hole of the cutter is adjusted in time to ensure the integrity of the sweet corn kernels, and the thresher is cleaned in time; (4) Washing: The shredded sweet corn kernels and residual silk and impurities are washed away; 5) Precooking: It is a key process for processing. The purpose is to inhibit the enzyme activity and sterilization of sweet corn, and to maintain the unique color of sweet corn. Generally sweet corn kernels are placed in 90-95°C water for about 5 minutes. Followed by canning, injection soup, vacuum sealing, 37 °C insulation inspection, labeling, finished product storage and other processes. At present, sweet corn canned only has corporate standards, and national standards have not yet been formulated. The quick-frozen sweet corn kernels are similar to the processed sweet corn cans. After precooking, the sweet corn kernels are drained by vibration and then enter the quick freezing process. During the freezing time, the maximum ice crystal band of 0-5°C should be passed in a very short period of time. After steaming, the temperature of the sweet corn kernel frozen by the quick freezing machine will continue to decrease. It must reach below -18°C for storage and transportation. Weighing and packing, inspection, and packing procedures are all performed at a packaging room below 10°C. Finally, it is stored in a low-temperature storage at -18°C and is for sale. The ear of sweet corn ear of sweet corn storage is not resistant to storage, production units are generally harvested the same day, the same day processing. If the processing speed can not keep up, sweet corn ear can be sent to the cold storage, storage temperature is 0-4 °C as well. The rapid decline in sugar content and the thickening of the seed coat are the main reasons for the deterioration of the quality of sweet corn after harvest. The reason is that the respiration consumes sugar and sugar converts into starch. According to the reports in the literature, it can be stored for 6-8 days at 0°C. If the O2 and CO2 gas concentrations in the storage environment are changed, the sweet corn preservation period can be effectively prolonged. Modified atmosphere preservation methods, including plastic film packaging and polysaccharide coating. Chitosan obtained from chitin, due to its good film-forming and biochemical properties, can prevent spoilage without causing hypoxic respiration. It is non-toxic, odorless and easy to decompose. It has become an ideal coating material for fresh fruits and vegetables.
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