Several Methods of Pest Control in Non-polluted Vegetables
Pollution-free vegetables refer to the pollution-free safe, high-quality and nutritious vegetables, the content of harmful substances in nuisance-free vegetables, and the number of pathogenic and harmful organisms in vegetable products. All of them are in compliance with relevant food standards and are not toxic to humans after consumption. It can fully exert the nutrient health function of vegetables. Then, what problems should be paid attention to in pest control in the production of pollution-free vegetables? Pest control must be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations and standards, and chemical control should be minimized.
Optimize farming practices. By selecting good breeds, it is reasonable to turn it round. Use scientific cultivation and management measures to improve the resistance to diseases and insect pests and stress resistance of vegetables. Strictly clean up front crops and disinfect crops; control temperature and humidity in protected areas, prevent high temperature and humidity, limit the occurrence of diseases; ground cover, drip or dark irrigation; coordination and promotion of fertilizer, water and heat; greenhouses, greenhouses and other facilities Environmental control; Organic fertilizer is the main, combined with application of biological fertilizers and chemical fertilizers; or organic and inorganic combinations, nitrogen-controlled balanced fertilization.
Physical control. Use grafting technology to prevent soil-borne diseases. The prevention and control of soil-borne diseases by grafting technology is very effective. The effect of cucumber, watermelon and eggplant on the control of fusarium wilt after grafting can reach over 95%. It can also prevent disease and powdery mildew, and it can increase plant resistance and increase yield; Gray reflective film to repel aphids to reduce the occurrence of virus disease; yellow plates in the field or hanging in the greenhouse vents hanging yellow sticky traps kill maggots and whitefly; insecticide nets in the greenhouse vents to reduce pests and diseases transmitted by insects Has an important role.
Biological control. 1. Bacillus thuringiensis Bt emulsion; control of cabbage caterpillar, diamondback moth, rapeseed, silver worm and other effects are good. Second, the virus treatment of insects: the application of jinggangmycin, agricultural anti-120, etc., prevention and treatment of quinones Liuyangmycin, huaguangmycin. 3. Living microorganisms Pesticides: Fungal agents are Metarhizium anisopliae, Lubao 1; bacterial agents such as Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus milky mildew; orange antibacterial agents such as "5406", Caifengning B1; nematodes such as entomopathogenic nematodes; protozoa such as microspore Protozoa; viruses have nuclear polyhedrosis virus, particle virus. 4. Animal-derived pesticides: insect pheromones (or insect pheromones), such as sex pheromones; living preparations: parasitic, predatory natural enemies, 55, plant-derived pesticides; insecticides; pyrethrin, rotenone, nicotine, Alizarin, vegetable oil emulsion; fungicide: allicin; repellent: azadirachtin, hard training, Chuanxiongsu; synergist: sesamin.
Use chemical pesticides rationally. l. Inorganic bactericidal fungicides: Sulfur preparations: Sulphur suspending agent, wettable sulphur, stone flow mixture; Copper preparations: copper sulphate, copper hydroxide, Bordeaux mixture. Mineral oil emulsions: oil emulsions extracted from natural minerals. 3. Organic Synthetic Pesticides: Organic synthetic pesticides, which are artificially developed and synthesized, and produced by the organic chemical industry, include pesticides and acaricides, fungicides, herbicides, and can be used in limited quantities in the production of vegetables without pollution.
Note that the following guidelines should be strictly observed for the production of pollution-free vegetables:
First, there is no restriction on the use of pesticides. The use of plant-derived pesticides, animal-derived pesticides, and microbial-derived pesticides is permitted. Sulphur and copper preparations are permitted in mineral-origin pesticides.
Second, strictly prohibit the use of highly toxic, highly toxic, high residue or triplicate (carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic) pesticides. For example, calcium arsenate, lead arsenate, calcium fluoride, sodium fluoride, fluoroacetamide, DDT, phorate, parathion, pentachloronitrobenzene, various herbicides, and the like.
Third, limited use of pesticides. When necessary, allow the use of a limited portion of organic synthetic chemical pesticides, and strictly follow the prescribed method, strict safety intervals.
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