Scientists successfully built "artificial basis"
Professor Han Xiaojun from the School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology, has made new breakthroughs in the field of artificial cell research. Related research has been published in the internationally renowned journal Advanced Materials. Experts commented that this achievement provides an important theoretical basis for the evolution of the formation and morphology of organelles, and has promoted the simulation of the structure and function of organelles, and is an important advance in the field of artificial cells.
Artificial cells are artificially constructed simplified cell models, which can effectively overcome many of the problems faced in traditional cell research, provide a simple and effective model for cell life activity research, and help to reveal the molecular mechanism of action within and between cells, and also help people. Understand the origin of life. Organelles such as chloroplast basal, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi are composed of capsular biofilm stack structures. Their morphological stability and their effects have always been the focus of scientists. As a main component of the cell membrane, phospholipid molecules are widely used in the field of artificial cells, and they spontaneously assemble into a spherical lipid bilayer structure in an aqueous solution, and are called phospholipid vesicles. Due to the thermodynamic stability of the globular phospholipid assembly, it is difficult to construct a capsular biofilm stack structure. Therefore, the artificial simulation of cystic organelles has become a "gate" for scientists to cross.
Han Xiaojun and his team members prepared a capsular stack structure similar to the chloroplast granule structure. By embedding quantum dots, it has a light energy capture function, thus constructing an "artificial granule". Using phospholipid molecules as the building element, they prepared a "phospholipid disk" structure with controllable size, controllable number of layers and uniform size in water/ethanol mixed solution by adjusting the polarity of the solution and the cooling rate. When a "phospholipid disk" is transferred to a pure aqueous solution, the polarity of the solution environment in which it is changed changes, and the phospholipid molecules at the boundary recombine to form a capsular stack structure. The number of capsules in the capsular stack can be controlled by the thickness of the "phospholipid disk". The inside of the capsule and the capsule communicate with each other to form a unified whole.
By adjusting the polarity of the solution, the capsular stack structure can have a telescopic function like a spring. When the capsular stack structure is electrically charged, the nanoparticles opposite to it can also be compressed. Nanoparticles can be controlled to "swallow", similar to respiration. After "swallowing" two different sizes of CdTe "quantum dot" nanoparticles, fluorescence resonance energy transfer phenomenon is generated between them under illumination, so that the capsule stack structure can simulate the light collecting function of the chloroplast. Such functional cystic stacked biofilm structures are referred to as "artificial granules." This is the first time that the research group has formed a capsule-like stacked biofilm structure by direct assembly of phospholipid molecules at home and abroad, and based on this structure, the function of the chloroplast is simulated. (Reporter Yi Xiaofeng)
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