Rural breeding chicken breeding technology
Local chickens are also known as local chickens raised by grass chickens. However, due to its slow growth rate (5 months before it grows up), there are not a lot of sporadic free-range farmers, so the overall economic efficiency of farmers is not high, and it is difficult to increase income. How to change this situation and develop the rural chicken industry so that the chickens grow faster and have better meat quality. Adopting the “high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation of chickens†to breed chickens can not only maintain the characteristics of local chicken meat, but also have a faster rate of weight gain (1.5-2.0 kg in 90-100 days). If farmers raise more chickens, A chicken can make a profit of 8-10 yuan.
Rural breeding chicken breeding technology
The technical points are now introduced in the following: Variety selection Local chickens, namely local chickens, some called grass chickens. As the breeds cross each other, the feathers of the chicken are black, red, yellow, white, and hemp. The skin of the feet is also yellow, black, gray, etc., and the market consumption is also different. Therefore, it is necessary to select and breed varieties that are suitable for the local consumer market. For Guangdong, three yellow chickens, apricots, and chickens are good varieties. Greenhouse brooding The “three-dimensional net bed†brooding greenhouse was established to conduct specialized scale brooding. The peasant households raised the survival rate of the chickens with high survival rate, low risk and easy to succeed (when brooding can be started from brooding).
The main points in brooding are:
1 Room temperature: 35-32°C for 0-1 week old, 31-24°C for 2-3 weeks old, 23-20°C for 4 weeks old, or 0.5°C lower after 1 week old.
2Relative Humidity: The indoor relative humidity is kept at 55%-65%, which is 60-65% 10 days ago, and 55%-60% after 10 days; the indoor air is fresh, no pungent, smoked eyes.
3 Supplemental lighting: The first 5 days of light can be maintained for 23 hours a day, followed by 17 hours of light (including natural lighting).
4 Drink water and eat food in time. Chickens should eat and drink as soon as possible, and they should be able to feed and water continuously and eat freely. Add 5% glucose in the initial drinking water for two days; add 0.02%-0.03% potassium permanganate in drinking water on the third day.
5 high-density brooding. It is 60-70/m2 before 15 days, and generally more than 5,000 broods per batch (depending on the farmers' demand for chicks to determine the brood size). The combination of "net, bed, and bulk" should be adapted appropriately by the farmer according to the amount he keeps. The indoor floor is required to be concrete floor, with windows and windows to allow sufficient air circulation and lighting. And make a net bed or chicken cage, three-dimensional three-dimensional appropriate. The number of net beds is determined by the number of chickens, which is generally calculated as 45-20 pieces per square meter (previous density is larger). The first layer of the net bed is 40 centimeters above the ground, the height of the net bed is 30 centimeters, and the distance between the upper and lower layers is 20 centimeters. The top of the first and second layers of the net bed should be placed on the top of the dung sheet (a three-layer board is available), and the skeleton part of the net bed is used. The wood or white bamboo is fixed around the bottom and bottom of the net bed with a plastic net of 1 cm 1 cm mesh, and the material bucket and the water fountain are placed in the net bed. The garden woodland is surrounded by nylon nets. A pile is hit every 2-3 meters. The nylon net is tied to the pile and the ground of the net is compacted with soil. The area of ​​the surrounding area is generally calculated at not less than 1.5 square meters per bird, and the wider the better. The back-fed chicks (having brooded chicks) are brought to bed in a net bed at a weight of 1 kg, and stocked in the surrounding forest lands from 1 kg to slaughter (rainy days and frosty days) Into), feeding, water, feed, feeding freely. Feeding in a net bed, the range of chickens is small, the energy consumption of the chicken body is small, and the weight gain is accelerated; the chickens are scattered in the surrounding woodland of the hospital, can catch wild weeds and biological insects, change the food structure, and have a high meat quality. Meaty taste).
Native chicken breeding diet mix
Choosing the complete trophy, good palatability, easy to consume broiler full price pellets, and then properly match other feed chickens can ensure the normal growth and development of chickens, and accelerate the purpose of constant weight gain and constant chicken flavor. Therefore, it is necessary to collaborate with the diet scientifically. During the brooding period, full-grain pellets of broilers should be used. When the food is first eaten, the feed must be soaked and transformed, and then chopped by hand. During the heat-removal period of chickens up to 1 kg in weight, medium-strength chickens are used. They should be gradually replaced when they are replaced, and they must not be replaced at one time to avoid stress. At the same time, 5% -10% of whole grain (or wheat) should be added, and 10% -15% of green feed should be given. During free-range gardens, large chickens are used as full-priced pellets, and 10% to 15% of whole grain (or wheat) is added to the diet and 15% to 20% of green feed is added. If the light feeds the full-priced feed, the cost of feeding is high, and the benefits are uneconomical. Secondly, the intermuscular fat of chicken is much, and it is not refreshing to eat. The third is the unique flavor of soilless chicken that consumers do not like. Adding a proper amount of green feed can increase the vitamin content. Second, it can reduce the cost of breeding. Third, it can reduce the intermuscular fat content of chicken.
Native Chicken Breeding Disinfection Immunity
Doing a good job of chicken immunization and disinfection and epidemic prevention to prevent the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases is the key to the success of large-scale chicken farming. Therefore, we must do a good job of immunization and disinfection and epidemic prevention, reduce the death of chickens, and increase the survival rate and commodity rate. The immunization procedure for chickens should be based on the nature of the production (commercial broiler chickens). It is best to refer to the broiler's immunization procedure. One-day-old chicks should be immunized with Marek's vaccine. This is mainly done in the hatchery; 6-7 days old chickens are immunized with mixed iv vaccines such as Newcastle disease iv (or v4 seedlings), bursa vesicles b87 seedlings, and passivation h120 seedlings; 24 to 28 days old chicken Newcastle disease ii The vaccine was used to immunize the seedlings; they were inoculated once a day with 60 days of vaccination with Newcastle disease i strains and no immunization was required. At the same time, add some drugs in feed water to prevent the occurrence of diseases, add 0.02% of furazolidone and 0.01% of oxytetracycline or penicillin, gentamycin, etc. at 2-7 days old, repeated at 13-17 days of age. Use the above drugs; 19-90 days of age in the feed to add chlorobenzene, anti-coccidial anticoccidial drugs, insect repellent, clean the house every day, and use quicklime to disinfect the ground and the feces board. Each half of the use of mixed phenolic water will be outside the spray disinfection, killing the poultry house with chicken poisoning. After the slaughter, the site must be completely cleaned, rinsed and sterilized; the disinfectant pool at the door of the henhouse should always have lime or disinfectant, and pay attention to changing.
The location of the stocking place and the stocking place should be selected in the forests, pastures, desolated beaches, and barren slopes far away from the residential area, industrial and mining enterprises, and traffic trunks. The slope should not be too large, and sandy soil is preferred. It is best to have clean water sources such as streams and ponds in the stocking area for chickens to freely drink water. If not, a certain number of drinking fountains should be placed in the stocking area for every 30 to 50 chickens.
The chicken house construction chicken house should be built in the center of the stocking area on the sunny side of Yangyang. The building materials can be adapted to local conditions, local materials, wood, bamboo, plastic, oil felt, canvas, straw, etc. To build a simple chicken house in the north and south direction, with a pyramid or a greenhouse as a good example, with a south door open, the edge of the house is 1.5 to 2 meters high, and the roof height is 2 to 2.5 meters. The ground is flat, compacted and bedding. The chicken house requires insulation, wind protection, no leakage, no accumulation of water. There are about 20 chickens per square meter in the house.
Artificial brooding brooding time is appropriate from March to September. Chicks are bred by artificial methods before the age of 4 weeks, and their diet, drinking water, feeding, ventilation, etc. are the same as conventional brooding. The key to brooding is insulation, which ranges from 33 to 35°C in the first week, and drops to about 2°C per week thereafter. Generally, the temperature is transferred to stocking grounds by the end of the 4th week.
Chicken stocking management technology
(1) The size of stocking should be about 1,500 per group, and the scale is too inconvenient to manage, and the scale is too small to be of low benefit. The density of stocking should be controlled within 200 pieces per acre. The stocking density is too high, and the chickens can only collect less food and can not reach the purpose of stocking.
(2) Only chickens that have just been transferred to the group need to be stocked. Choose noon on sunny days and rush the chickens to the outside for freeing, let them freely forage, adjust at the same time, and hit the feed bowl or whistle while feeding, so that the chickens form a conditional reflex, and they can quickly concentrate after hearing the signal. For easy management. (3) It is possible to adopt the method of grazing in the early and late evenings after stocking and training. The stocking and feeding should be based on the specific grazing conditions and follow the principle of “early, early, and late, and moderate amount of evening†to increase the growth speed and overall evenness of the chickens. . In addition, in order to reduce the cost of feeding, we should make full use of the leftovers of agricultural and sideline products and prepare their own balanced feeds with balanced nutrition.
(4) Observe the flock carefully during grazing, and find sick and frail chickens that are backward, alone, and apathetic, isolate and treat them in time, and pay attention to the invasion of animals such as weasel, eagle, and snake.
(5) Pay attention to changes in the weather. Before bad weather arrives, collect chickens in the shed as soon as possible to avoid damage to chickens.
(6) In the chicken shed, remove the excrement regularly and do a good job of daily sanitation and disinfection. And according to the local actual conditions, the epidemic vaccination work, pay attention to choose the appropriate vaccine, immunization procedures and immunization methods. General immunization procedures are as follows: 1 day of age, injection of Marek's disease vaccine; 3 days of age, infectious bronchitis vaccine drinking water; 7 days of age, Newcastle disease vaccine drinking water; 14, 21 days of age, infectious bursal disease vaccine drinking water; At the age of 30 days, Newcastle disease vaccine was injected intramuscularly.
The slaughter is based on the breed and growth status of the breeder. Between 90 and 120 days of age, the breeder can be slaughtered at one time.
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