Plant protection experts explain: how to scientifically and rationally fertilize the soil?
Scientific and rational fertilization is essential for crops to grow well. But how do you fertilize crops? Is the more the better? actually not. The following Hui Nong network Xiaobian compiled a representative of Hunan Hongda Plant Protection College Duan Hongtao on soil fertilization, study together.
According to the content of various nutrients in the crop, the crops can be divided into a large number of nutrients, medium nutrients and micronutrients. Among them, there are a lot of nutrients such as N, P and K. The medium nutrients are Ca, Mg and S. The micronutrients are Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B, Mo and Cl. Nitrogen N, phosphorus P, and potassium K are staple foods required for crop growth, which is commonly referred to as "three elements of fertilizer."
In general, the higher their content in the soil, especially N, the more gratifying the crop. Driven by this appearance, people always think that the higher the application amount of fertilizer in the field, the better. At present, the amount of chemical fertilizer applied per unit area of ​​soil in China is much higher than the world average, which is 2-3 times that of developed countries in Europe and America. At the same time, in order to save labor costs, the application method is simple and rude, and the proportion of fertilizer soil surface is very large.
After applying so much fertilizer, people hopefully harvest the harvest scene. However, contrary to expectations, they found out during the harvest season that the glorious seedlings did not bear heavy fruits, leaving only a mess of straw, and did not produce any good fruit! The ground is also the worse, the more difficult it is to wait. In this regard, they do not understand, where is the problem?
The problem lies in the "dead brains" when fertilizing. We all know that if you want your child to have a strong and good body, in addition to supplying enough staple food such as rice and meat to provide carbohydrates and protein, you should also eat more vegetables and fruits to supplement vitamins and minerals.
The same is true for crop nutrition. Its good growth is inseparable from the large nutrients of N, P and K, but the contribution of medium and micro nutrients is also indispensable. The genetic characteristics of crops determine that they have a specific amount of demand for each nutrient, and their overall growth level depends on the relatively richest nutrient in the soil, the so-called “nutrient short boardâ€.
In the past, the nutrient “short board†of the crop was a large amount of N, P, and K nutrients, but today’s “short board†has become a medium and micro nutrient. If these conditions are also applied to a large amount of chemical fertilizers, the "short board" effect of medium and micro nutrients will be more prominent, which will adversely affect the yield and quality of crops.
At this stage, people must abandon the old thinking and change the old concept when applying fertilizer; they must pay attention to the scientific balanced fertilization and pay attention to the reasonable combination of large, medium and micro nutrients. Among them, the most reasonable method is to apply the chemical fertilizer containing all the elements required by the plant, and on this basis, apply more organic fertilizer, and make full use of organic waste, such as green manure, manure, compost, mud, straw, cake fertilizer, manure, and biogas. Material resources.
The above is the knowledge introduction of the plant protection experts on soil science fertilization organized by Huinong.com, I hope to help everyone.
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