Nature: Reveals the relationship between tumor size and PD-1 antibody efficacy
On April 10th, Nature published the latest results of cancer immunotherapy entitled "T-cell invigoration to tumour burden ratio associated with anti-PD-1 response". Scientists from institutions such as the University of Pennsylvania have revealed a mysterious relationship between tumor size and the efficacy of PD-1 antibodies.
Despite the great success of PD-1 antibody immunotherapy in the treatment of metastatic melanoma, more than half of patients still do not have lasting benefits. One possible reason why this drug does not work well for all patients is that they lack biological effects in many patients. However, new research shows that, in fact, 80% of these patients do increase the number of T cells that respond to these therapies.
So, in these patient populations, why is there such an important "disconnect" between the increase in the number of T cells and the shrinking of the tumor? This latest release, published in Nature, provides new clues to answer this question.
E. John Wherry, PhD
Efficacy is related to tumor size before treatment
The co-author of the study, E. Professor John Wherry said: "We found that the size of the pretreatment tumor determines how strong the T cell response is needed to reduce the patient's tumor. The larger the tumor, the more T-cell 'recovery' is required for PD-1 antibodies ( Reinvigoration. Many patients experience 'clinical failure' not only because PD-1 antibodies are unable to stimulate the immune system, but also because of the imbalance between the intensity of T cell resuscitation and the initial tumor burden. â€
By immunological analysis of peripheral blood before and after treatment with PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab in patients with stage IV melanoma, the team determined the difference in circulating T cells caused by different tumor sizes at the beginning of treatment. They studied blood changes in 47 patients.
Dr. Jedd Wolchok, co-author of the study and commemorating the Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, said: "We want to figure out what happens to the patient's immune system after receiving PD-1 antibody therapy and describe these immunological changes. â€
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