Key points of small straw urea nitrogen technology for farmers

Straw contains urease, plus urea, covered with a plastic film seal, urea in the role of urease decomposition of ammonia, the ammonification of straw. The urea ammoniating method of straw can be carried out in cellars, containers, plastic bags or in the form of stacking. The operation is simple and convenient, and it is suitable for self-use by small rural households. (a) The preparation of aqueous solution to estimate the total weight of the ammoniated straw, according to 100 kg of straw need to add 3 - 5 kg of urea, the urea is fully dissolved in 40-50 kg of water, made of aqueous solution. (2) Packing or stacking First, shorten wheat straw, straw, corn stalks, etc. to a small section that is 5-10 cm long. When loading or stacking, urea aqueous solution is prepared to spray on the straw layer by layer and evenly. Stir and make the straw and urea aqueous solution fully in contact with each other while spraying, stirring while pressing. Ammonia in the cellar, the general material is expected to install the cellar mouth 30-50cm, if it is stacked, then the height should be controlled at about 1.5-2.0m, and then covered with a plastic film, compacted with a wet mud around the seal. To prevent rat damage, earth can be used to cover plastic film. The urea solution is best used the same day, and each ammoniated cellar or stack must be sealed on the same day. Ammoniad by container or plastic bag, the basic method is the same as above, and the amount of ammoniated can be flexibly controlled. (3) Seal tightness Checking the sealability is one of the key links in the quality of straw ammoniating. During the ammification of straw, it is necessary to inspect the plastic film for breakage and leakage regularly, especially to prevent rats from biting the plastic film and to find that the damage is timely repaired. (IV) Ammoxidation time The length of straw ammoniating time is closely related to the ambient temperature. When the temperature is high, the time required for ammoniating is short. On the contrary, it takes a long time, usually 2-3 weeks in summer, and 3-6 weeks in spring and autumn. , Winter 4-8 weeks or even longer. (V) Quality identification According to the sensory inspection, the straw with good ammoniating quality can be used for feed without mildew, yellowish-brown in color, odor-smelling, loose and soft texture, easy to pull off the straw, and has a pungent smell of ammonia. If the straw is gray or brownish, it has a pungent odor and the straw sticks into pieces, indicating that the quality of ammoniation is poor and cannot be used as feed. (6) After accessing and storing ammoniated straws for a specified period of time, they can be opened for use. Generally, after being taken out, ammonia should be placed on the ventilated and dry concrete floor for 1-3 days before feeding, and must not be fed without letting away the residual ammonia to prevent cows, sheep and other livestock poisoning. After each withdrawal, it is still necessary to seal the pits, crucibles or containers, and avoid ingress of water. When the amount of ammoniated straw is small, it can also be taken out at one time. After being spread out and dried, it can be piled up in the corner of an empty house or a barn, and can be used as needed to prevent sun and rain.

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