Key measures for prevention of sow production performance decline in summer
In the production practice, the sows often have late estrus, no heat, low fertility rate, few litter size, less heavy birth weight, and even a miscarriage, weak fertility, stillbirth, etc., if accompanied by other diseases. The above condition will become more pronounced. The author believes that the following preventive measures can be taken.
I. Strengthen daily feeding and management
1. Adjust the feeding time: During the summer, the sows' daily feed intake is reduced. Feeding time should be adjusted to avoid hot noon and full use of the weather is more cool and the sows have a good appetite feeding period. Feeding time can be adjusted to 6am in the morning and 7pm in the afternoon. When lunch is required, the feed can be wetted to improve palatability.
2. It is forbidden to feed on moldy feeds: Pigs are sensitive to mycotoxins and if fed with moldy, rancid, toxic or irritating feed, it will cause miscarriage or embryonic death. It is forbidden to use inferior raw materials when formulating sow feeds. During the rainy season or high humidity season, the residual feed for the sow trough should be treated to prevent the sows from eating acidified spoilage feeds.
3. Do a good job in housing hygiene: Clean up the feces in the pens, rinse them with water, and often sterilize the pigs. This will not only disinfect the source, but also reduce the temperature and reduce the smell in the house.
4. Provide enough cool drinking water: During the hot season, the feed intake of pigs will decrease and the amount of drinking water will increase. Daily supply of enough cool sour water to the sows can inhibit the sow’s body temperature from rising. For drinking pig farms, check the drinking fountains every day. Whether the water supply is normal or not, pig farms that use the trough water supply should change their water frequently.
5. Do a good job of repelling mosquitoes and flies: You can use plastic gauze to plug pig house windows and doors. Open pig houses should be covered with plastic gauze nets over open circles. Drugs can also be used to drive mosquitoes and flies. A good pig house lit mosquito-repellent mosquitoes at night, and mosquito repellents containing permethrin can be sprayed directly onto the walls, roofs, floors and pigs of pig houses to prevent mosquitoes from biting on sows.
6. Regular deworming: parasites and other ectoparasites disturb the sows and affect normal nursing. In this regard, safer drugs such as ivermectin and avermectin may be used to drive the sows before delivery. insect.
7. Reduce all kinds of stress factors: Keep quiet inside and outside of the pig house as much as possible, especially pregnant and nursing sows should avoid too much interference from the outside; reduce the number of sows and pregnant sows to avoid, and avoid Abortions and stillbirths increased due to fighting with mixed groups.
8. Strengthen the daily disinfection system: Summer is an active season for the survival and reproduction of various pathogenic micro-blue objects. Regularly on the inside and outside environment of pig houses, including barracks, venues and utensils, instruments and drainage channels, air, sow body surface, etc. Disinfection can effectively control the spread of the disease.
Second, rational regulation of feed nutrition
1. Adjust dietary nutrient levels: During sow heat stress, the feed intake of sows declines. Feed formulations should be adjusted in time to increase feed palatability and nutrient concentrations so that sows can meet their nutritional needs in the event of reduced feed intake. . To increase the daily intake of sow energy, 2% vegetable oil can be added to the diet, and in order to cope with the increase of protein requirement for pigs under heat stress, 2% of fish meal can be added to the diet to increase the feed. Crude protein content.
2. Add vitamins in time: Regularly add vitamins in feed, especially increase the amount of VC and VE, and have good curative effect on heat stress. VC 320 mg and VE 180 mg can be added per kilogram of feed.
3. Properly add electrolytes: Adding electrolytes to drinking water or diets can mitigate the damage caused by heat stress. For example, 0.15% of active peptide and 0.1% of baking soda can be added to the feed.
4. Add Chinese herbal medicine: Chinese herbal medicine is rich in vitamins, trace elements and other active ingredients, can enhance immune function, coordinate the body's physiological metabolism, thereby reducing the adverse effects of heat stress. According to 2% of the diet, “Shushu Anti-Heat Powder†(mainly composed of honeysuckle, musk, atractylodes, Radix isatidis, and gentian) can be added with the functions of clearing heat and removing heat, killing spleen and dampness.
Third, improve the living environment of the pig
1.Strengthen ventilation and ventilation: Install electric fans to ventilate and ventilate as far as possible in the pig house. Conditional pig farms can also install wet curtain cooling system to reduce the temperature, sensation and odor in the house.
2. Spraying and dripping cooling: When the temperature is too high at noon, taps can be used to cool the floor, wall and pig body of the pig house. There is a drip cooling system available for the farrowing sow, which is installed above the shoulder of the pig and is cooled at a low flow rate on the neck of the pig, shoulder and back for approximately one hour.
3. For shag-free pig houses, a layer of straw shall be placed on the top of the house to form a heat insulation layer. A shading pergola shall be constructed above the pig house, and the outside of the walls shall be whitened to enhance the ability of the wall to reflect solar radiation.
Fourth, strengthen the prevention and treatment of common diseases
In the high temperature and high humidity season, pigs have a large stress response to the external environment, physical energy consumption is also very large, weakened resistance, easily lead to the occurrence of disease, we must do the following regular disease prevention and control:
1. Parvoviruses: Immunize the gilts or sows with 1.5 milliliters of the first parvovirus vaccine, and repeat the immunizations with gilts for 3 weeks.
2. Japanese encephalitis: 1 head per arm of the Japanese encephalitis vaccine 15-30 days prior to gilt or sow mating.
3. Porcine Eperythrozoon and Toxoplasmosis: The prevention of the two diseases is mainly to improve the cleanliness of pig houses, eliminate mosquitoes and flies and their blood-sucking insects, and prevent blood-sucking insects from biting on sows to spread the disease. In addition, the addition of "red bow chain anti-disinfection" (main components: Coptis, A. annua, Astragalus membranaceus, Gardenia jasminoides) in feed can also effectively reduce the incidence of both diseases.
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