How to Prevent Vegetable Pests and Diseases in Spring
The pathogens that infect vegetable crops in production practice are mainly fungi, bacteria and viruses.
Fungal diseases
Diseases caused by fungal infection are the most common, such as powdery mildew, downy mildew, epidemic disease, gray mold, late blight, anthrax, leaf spot, sclerotia, wilt, root rot, stalk rot, etc. . For this type of disease biological control measures can be applied to fermented soybean meal fermentation broth, the specific approach is: 10 copies of soybean water plus 20 copies of "Shenfeng" bacteria liquid, in the tank or plastic barrel fermentation, high temperature season 2 - 3 weeks, 3-4 weeks in the low temperature season, flush with water, instead of fertilizer. The beneficial bacteria in the "Shenfeng" bacterial broth were fermented with soybean broth as a medium and grown in equal numbers. The bacterial colonies grew rapidly. After the soil was applied to the soil, an independent bacterial flora was formed and the propagation of pathogenic bacteria was inhibited. Shi, can effectively prevent soil-borne fungi and bacterial diseases.
Bacterial diseases
These diseases mainly include soft rot, scab, ulcer, and keratoses. The spread of soil and seedlings requires early detection and early control. The fungicide used to control bacterial diseases in production is mainly copper preparations, such as 3,000 (46% copper hydroxide water dispersible granules) and Guanyinqing (57.6% copper hydroxide water dispersible granules). Before 10 o'clock, spray with an aqueous bactericide solution. When these two copper preparations are used, they should be diluted and sprayed separately. Do not mix with other pesticides and use them with caution when using cucumbers.
Viral disease
Vegetable virus disease is mainly caused by mosaic virus. In production, it is technically difficult to prevent and treat this type of disease. At present, there are no effective therapeutic agents. In the practice of preventing and treating this type of disease, we can start from two aspects. First, the foliar spray protection agent was applied before the onset of the disease. When using this type of protective agent, it should be diluted separately and sprayed separately. It should not be used in combination with other pesticides. Spraying is better before 10 o'clock. The second is timely prevention and control of sucking mouthpart pests - aphids, whiteflies, thrips, aphids and so on. After finding a single strain infected with the virus, it should be removed in time to remove it from the farmland, and 1-2 kg of quick lime should be buried in the growth site of the infected diseased plant.
Fungi, a large class of chlorophyll - free, can not carry out photosynthesis, heterotrophic lower class of plants. These include bacteria, slime molds and fungi. Their common characteristics are: the plant body has no differentiation of roots, stems and leaves, does not contain chlorophyll and other photosynthetic pigments (except a few photosynthetic bacteria), can not carry out photosynthesis, saprophytic life or parasitic life, that is, heterotrophic life. Most of the reproductive organs are single-cell structures, and the zygotes do not develop into embryos.
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