Ginkgo cultivating technology

Cultivation Technology China is not only the hometown of Ginkgo biloba, but also one of the earliest and most fruitful Ginkgo cultivars. Throughout the ages, whether it is ginkgo cultivation area, or ginkgo output, China ranks first in the world. Judging from the age of the existing ancient Ginkgo biloba trees, Ginkgo biloba was planted between Chinese merchants and Zhous. Propagation Techniques Cutting Propagation: Cutting propagation can be divided into old branch cuttings and tender cuttings. Old branch cuttings are suitable for the breeding of large-scale greening seedlings. Tender cuttings are suitable for the breeding of a small number of seedlings for family or gardening units. The old branch cuttings are usually in spring from March to April, from the finished nursery harvesting or selecting 1 to 2 years old quality shoots on the big tree, cut into 15 centimeters to 20 centimeters long cuttings, on the upper cut to cut It is round and smooth, and the lower cut is cut into a horse shape. After cutting, each bundle of 50 pieces is tied into a bundle, rinsed with clean water, and then soaked in 100-ppm ABT rooting powder for 1 hour. The cuttings are placed in the fine yellow sand or loose soil of the seedbed. Put enough water in the cuttings to keep the soil moist and take root after about 40 days. Normal management after survival, the second spring can be transplanted. Twig cutting is from the late May to the middle of June, cutting cuttings that have not been lignified around the roots of the ginkgo (or about 2 cm in length, leaving 2 leaves) around the roots or on the branches. Light, change the water every 3 days or so, until the callus grows, can be transplanted in the yellow sand or seedbed soil, but in the sunny before and after noon to shading, leaves to spray 2 or 3 times, to survive after Enter normal management. Dividing: Dividing plants is generally used to cultivate rootstocks and green shoots. Ginkgo biloba sprouts easily, especially in 10 to 20 years. All Red Populus can be divided into springs using tillers in spring, by removing the soil around the rhizosphere, cutting the twigs with fibrous roots from the mother plants with a knife, and planting them separately. The sprouting of female plants can lead to early age. Grafting: Grafting and breeding are mostly used in the fruit industry. Green twig grafting can be carried out from late May to early August, but it cannot be grafted under high temperature and dry weather conditions, especially at noon on sunny days, and it is also necessary to avoid grafting on rainy days. The specific method is: First, collect and grow robust perennial shoots from the parent strain of Ginkgo biloba seedlings, cut off one leaf on the scion, leave only the petiole, cut one for each 2-3 shoots, then immerse the lower end of the scion in water or wrap it in a wet cloth. , It is best to pick and pick. You can select grafted rootstocks from 2 to 3 years old seedlings and cuttings. For early fruit dense planting, the contact should be about 1 meter. All red poplars generally use splicing and cutting, cutting the cuttings inward, inserting the cuts of the rootstocks to match the two, forming layer alignments, and binding the interfaces with plastic film tapes. The results will begin 5 to 8 years after grafting. . Seeding and breeding: Sowing and breeding are mostly used for large-scale greening seedlings or making plexiform bonsai. After the seeds are harvested in the fall, the outer seed coat is removed and the seed with the peel is dried and then sowed in winter or in the spring of the following year. If spring sowing, it must first be mixed with sand to accumulate germination. When sowing, the seed germs are placed horizontally in the sowing ditch. After sowing, the cover soil is 3 cm to 4 cm thick and compacted. The seedlings can grow to 15 cm to 25 cm in height. All red poplar leaves fall after transplanting. However, it should be noted that the nursery should choose a well-drained lot to prevent the accumulation of water and rot the seedlings near the ground. Cultivation methods Land selection: The longevity of Ginkgo biloba will benefit long-term planting. Therefore, land selection is very important. Ginkgo genus light tree species, should choose the slope of the slope is not a reforestation. The requirements for soil conditions are not strict, but it is better that the above layer is thick and the soil is moist and fertile and has good drainage of neutral or slightly acidic soil. Planting: 1. Rational allocation of pollination trees: Ginkgo biloba is a dioecious plant. To achieve high yields, pollinating trees should be reasonably configured. The male plants with the same female plant variety and flowering period were selected and the proportion of male and female plants was 25 to 50:1. The configuration method is centered between five or seven strains and can also be configured in four corners. 2, seedlings specifications: seedlings strong seedlings is the material basis for the early yield of ginkgo, should choose the ratio of 50:1 above the diameter ratio, the main root length 30cm, lateral root Qi, when the new shoot growth 30cm above the seedlings for planting. In addition, seedlings must also have robust apical buds, full lateral buds, no pests and diseases. 3. Reasonable dense planting: Ginkgo biloba grows slowly in the early stage. Close planting can increase land utilization and increase yield per unit area. Usually 2.5×3m or 3×3.5m row spacing, 88 or 63 per acre colonization, transplanting after row closure, first row shift from the septum to a row of 5×3m or 6×3m row spacing, 44 or 31 strains per acre were transplanted one row at a time from the original row every few years to a 5×6m or 6×7m row spacing, and 22 or 16 plantings per acre. 4. Planting time: Ginkgo biloba is mainly planted in autumn with leaves and planted before spring leaves. Autumn planting is carried out in October and November, allowing the root system of seedlings to have a long recovery period and preparing for the second year's spring shoot germination. . Before planting in the spring before germination, because the above-ground part quickly germinates and the root system does not have enough time to recover, the growth is not as good as in autumn. 5, Ginkgo planting should be planted according to the design of row spacing planting nest, the size of 0.5 ~ 0.8 × 0.6 ~ 0.8 meters, after the nest dig a good backfill with topsoil, Fermented fertilizer containing superphosphate. When planting, the roots of the seedlings will be naturally stretched, aligned with the left and right seedlings, and then filled with the table top and down. The depth of planting should be 2~3cm printed on the soil from the earth to the nursery stock. Do not bury the seedlings too deeply. After planting, the root water should be poured in order to improve the survival rate.

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