Cultivation techniques and fertilization methods of sweet potato in autumn and winter 2017

There are large differences in the application rates of organic fertilizers in different fields in the production of sweet potato, the phenomenon of blind application of nitrogen fertilizer is serious, the application of potassium fertilizer is insufficient, the phenomenon of “heavy mass elements, light and medium elements” is common, the application period and mode are unreasonable, and excessive irrigation To cause problems such as water and fertilizer waste, the following fertilization principles are proposed:

(1) Rational application of organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer application, the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should follow the principles of nitrogen control, phosphorus stabilization and potassium increase;

(2) Fertilizer application should be combined with base fertilizer and topdressing; topdressing should be based on nitrogen and potassium fertilizer;

(3) Pay attention to proper application of trace elements such as calcium and boron during the rosette period to the end of the ball to prevent the occurrence of physiological diseases such as “dry heartburn”;

(4) When soil acidification is serious, an appropriate amount of acidic soil conditioner such as lime should be applied;

(5) Combine with high-yield cultivation techniques, especially water-saving irrigation technology, to give full play to the coupling effect of water and fertilizer and improve fertilizer utilization.

2. Fertilization advice

(1) Applying high-quality farmyard manure 4 square meters/mu at a time;

(2) The output level is above 5500 kg/mu, the nitrogen fertilizer (N) is 12-14 kg/mu, the phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) is 5-8 kg/mu, and the potassium fertilizer (K2O) is 12-14 kg/mu;

(3) The production level is 4500-5500 kg/mu, the nitrogen fertilizer (N) is 10-12 kg/mu, the phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) is 4-5 kg/mu, and the potassium fertilizer (K2O) is 10-12 kg/mu;

(4) The production level is lower than 4500 kg/mu, nitrogen fertilizer (N) is 8-10 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) is 3~4 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer (K2O) is 8-10 kg/mu.

For the plots where the "dry heartburn" occurred in previous years, pay attention to nitrogen and calcium supplementation, and apply 0.3% to 0.5% calcium chloride solution or calcium nitrate solution 2 to 3 times during the rosette period to the late stage of the ball formation; When the soil pH of the vegetable garden in the south is less than 5, it is suitable to apply 100-150 kg of quicklime per acre before the preparation of the soil;

When the soil pH is <4.5, 150-200 kg of quicklime is applied per acre. For the boron-deficient plots, the borax may be applied 0.5 to 1 kg/mu, or the borax solution of 0.2% to 0.3% may be sprayed 2 to 3 times. At the same time, it can be sprayed with spraying 2 to 3 times of 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to increase the vegetable yield and commercial rate of cabbage.

Nitrogen and potassium fertilizer 30% ~ 40% base application, 60% ~ 70% in the rosette period and the beginning of the ball is divided into two times, pay attention to the application of potassium fertilizer in the early stage of the ball, the phosphate fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer or acupoint application.

This article URL: 2017 autumn and winter planting cultivation techniques and fertilization methods

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