Common physical disinfection method for livestock and poultry raising
2019-09-01 06:03:49
In livestock and poultry breeding, to prevent livestock and poultry infectious diseases, we must strictly implement the policy of "prevention first". In combination with daily feeding and management, livestock and poultry pens, sites, utensils, drinking water, and body surfaces are routinely disinfected to eradicate pathogens in the surrounding environment of livestock and poultry, thereby preventing the occurrence and epidemic of infectious diseases. The most economical, safe and effective disinfection method for preventing livestock and poultry infectious diseases is physical disinfection. The commonly used physical disinfection methods mainly include:
First, cleaning, washing pens, ventilation and cleaning, cleaning the floor, the excrement, grass, feed residue, etc. in a timely manner to clean, wash the body coat, remove the body surface dirt and attached to the dirt on Pathogens. Although this method of mechanical removal can not kill pathogens, it can effectively reduce the number of pathogenic microorganisms in livestock and poultry pens and body surfaces. If combined with other disinfection methods, it can often obtain better disinfection effects. If you do not first clean and wash, there is accumulated organic matter such as feces and dirt in the circle, which not only increases the number of pathogens, but also directly affects the disinfection effect of commonly used disinfectants. Similarly, although ventilation can not directly kill the pathogen, it can also reduce the number of pathogens by exchanging the air in the house.
Second, sunlight, ultraviolet radiation and dry UV spectrum in the sun (its wavelength range is 210 ~ 328 nm) has a strong sterilizing effect. General viruses and non-spores pathogens are repeatedly exposed to the sun under strong sunlight, and their virulence is weakened or even died. And the sun's burning and dryness caused by evaporation of water also have a bactericidal effect. Therefore, the use of sun exposure, disinfection of pastures, grasslands, pens, utensils and articles, etc. is a simple, economical and easy method of disinfection. However, ultraviolet light in sunlight passes through the atmosphere and is lost after being scattered and absorbed. The wavelength of ultraviolet light reaching the ground is more than 300 nm, and its sterilization and disinfection effects are relatively weak. Therefore, it takes a long time to reach in the sunlight. Disinfection, the strength of the sun is directly related to its disinfection effect, and the intensity of sunlight is related to many factors (such as seasons, time, latitude, clouds, etc.), so the use of sunlight disinfection application can be flexibly controlled according to the actual situation, and cooperate with other Disinfection method.
In actual rearing, such as farms, production areas, entrances and exits, dressing and disinfection rooms, laboratories, etc., artificial ultraviolet rays are commonly used to disinfect the surfaces of air and objects. Ultraviolet lamps are artificially designed to emit a wavelength of 253.7 nanometers (which has the strongest bactericidal power). The resulting ultraviolet light is 50 times more effective than normal sunlight when irradiating articles. The bactericidal action of ultraviolet rays is affected by many factors. Attention should be paid to the following points when using ultraviolet light lamps:
1. When UV lamps are installed indoors, the lamp should not exceed 2 meters above the ground, and 1.5 to 2 meters around the lamp should be within the effective disinfection range. The surface of the disinfected product is not more than 1 meter away from the lamp tube.
2. The power of the ultraviolet lamp is calculated as per 0.5~1 square meter of premises and the sterile room shall not be less than 4 watts per square meter.
3, UV penetrating power is weak, can only have good disinfection effect on the surface of the directly irradiated object, but it has no bactericidal effect on the shaded part of the cover and the excrement of livestock and poultry. Normal glass absorbs almost all of the UV light, so the UV light has no sterilizing effect on glass-isolated items. Normally, dust on the surface of the UV lamp should be removed to reduce the effect of the disinfectant.
4, each time the irradiation of disinfected items should be more than 1 hour. The relative humidity of the environment should not exceed 40~60%, and dust and water mist in the air should be minimized. Some people have tested that when the air relative humidity is 45 to 60%, after 3 hours of irradiation, 80 to 90% of pathogens can be killed.
5. When ultraviolet light irradiation and disinfection, personnel should leave the scene. Otherwise, direct ultraviolet radiation can cause acute conjunctivitis, dermatitis and so on.
Third, the high-temperature disinfection method commonly used high-temperature sterilization methods are the following four kinds:
1. Flame incineration: This is a simple and effective method of disinfection. Combine the usual cleaning and sanitation work, and incinerate the cleaned garbage and the filthy mat grass, and use the incineration method to kill feces, residual feed, and contaminated small-value items of infected livestock or poultry. Kill the pathogens. The fire-resistant enclosures, floors, cages, walls, and metal products can be sterilized by fire-breathing, but great care should be taken.
2, boiled disinfection: This method is simple, convenient, economical, practical and effective, is often applied disinfection method. Most of the non-spore pathogens, fungi, rickettsia, spirochetes, and viruses died rapidly in boiling water at 100°C; most of the buds were killed by boiling for 15 to 30 minutes after being sterilized. This method is suitable for the disinfection of metal products and cooked items. Put the disinfected items in the iron pan, aluminum pan or boiler, add water, immerse, cover and boil for a certain time. Adding 1~2% soda or 0.5% soap to the water can prevent metal tools from rusting and enhance disinfection.
3, circulation steam disinfection: steam humidity (relative humidity 80 ~ 100%), high temperature (about 100 °C), circulation steam sterilization is the use of atmospheric pressure steam to achieve the purpose of disinfection. The highest temperature it can reach is the boiling temperature of the local water. This method can be used to disinfect most items such as various metals, wood, glass products and clothing, and its effect is similar to that of boiling disinfection. In rural areas, steam or steamer can be heated with iron or aluminum pans. Generally heated to boiling water for half an hour, can achieve the purpose of disinfection, but can not kill bacterial spores.
4. Dry heat disinfection: usually performed in a dry heat sterilizer (oven), suitable for disinfection of non-damaged, undamaged, and non-evaporable objects at high temperatures, and is commonly used for the disinfection and drying of laboratory glassware, metalware, etc. dry. Generally should be controlled at 160 °C for 2 hours, or 170 °C for 1 hour.
Dr. Feng Guomin, Comprehensive Group, Agricultural Technology Service Station, Longxi Town, Da’an City, Jilin Province
First, cleaning, washing pens, ventilation and cleaning, cleaning the floor, the excrement, grass, feed residue, etc. in a timely manner to clean, wash the body coat, remove the body surface dirt and attached to the dirt on Pathogens. Although this method of mechanical removal can not kill pathogens, it can effectively reduce the number of pathogenic microorganisms in livestock and poultry pens and body surfaces. If combined with other disinfection methods, it can often obtain better disinfection effects. If you do not first clean and wash, there is accumulated organic matter such as feces and dirt in the circle, which not only increases the number of pathogens, but also directly affects the disinfection effect of commonly used disinfectants. Similarly, although ventilation can not directly kill the pathogen, it can also reduce the number of pathogens by exchanging the air in the house.
Second, sunlight, ultraviolet radiation and dry UV spectrum in the sun (its wavelength range is 210 ~ 328 nm) has a strong sterilizing effect. General viruses and non-spores pathogens are repeatedly exposed to the sun under strong sunlight, and their virulence is weakened or even died. And the sun's burning and dryness caused by evaporation of water also have a bactericidal effect. Therefore, the use of sun exposure, disinfection of pastures, grasslands, pens, utensils and articles, etc. is a simple, economical and easy method of disinfection. However, ultraviolet light in sunlight passes through the atmosphere and is lost after being scattered and absorbed. The wavelength of ultraviolet light reaching the ground is more than 300 nm, and its sterilization and disinfection effects are relatively weak. Therefore, it takes a long time to reach in the sunlight. Disinfection, the strength of the sun is directly related to its disinfection effect, and the intensity of sunlight is related to many factors (such as seasons, time, latitude, clouds, etc.), so the use of sunlight disinfection application can be flexibly controlled according to the actual situation, and cooperate with other Disinfection method.
In actual rearing, such as farms, production areas, entrances and exits, dressing and disinfection rooms, laboratories, etc., artificial ultraviolet rays are commonly used to disinfect the surfaces of air and objects. Ultraviolet lamps are artificially designed to emit a wavelength of 253.7 nanometers (which has the strongest bactericidal power). The resulting ultraviolet light is 50 times more effective than normal sunlight when irradiating articles. The bactericidal action of ultraviolet rays is affected by many factors. Attention should be paid to the following points when using ultraviolet light lamps:
1. When UV lamps are installed indoors, the lamp should not exceed 2 meters above the ground, and 1.5 to 2 meters around the lamp should be within the effective disinfection range. The surface of the disinfected product is not more than 1 meter away from the lamp tube.
2. The power of the ultraviolet lamp is calculated as per 0.5~1 square meter of premises and the sterile room shall not be less than 4 watts per square meter.
3, UV penetrating power is weak, can only have good disinfection effect on the surface of the directly irradiated object, but it has no bactericidal effect on the shaded part of the cover and the excrement of livestock and poultry. Normal glass absorbs almost all of the UV light, so the UV light has no sterilizing effect on glass-isolated items. Normally, dust on the surface of the UV lamp should be removed to reduce the effect of the disinfectant.
4, each time the irradiation of disinfected items should be more than 1 hour. The relative humidity of the environment should not exceed 40~60%, and dust and water mist in the air should be minimized. Some people have tested that when the air relative humidity is 45 to 60%, after 3 hours of irradiation, 80 to 90% of pathogens can be killed.
5. When ultraviolet light irradiation and disinfection, personnel should leave the scene. Otherwise, direct ultraviolet radiation can cause acute conjunctivitis, dermatitis and so on.
Third, the high-temperature disinfection method commonly used high-temperature sterilization methods are the following four kinds:
1. Flame incineration: This is a simple and effective method of disinfection. Combine the usual cleaning and sanitation work, and incinerate the cleaned garbage and the filthy mat grass, and use the incineration method to kill feces, residual feed, and contaminated small-value items of infected livestock or poultry. Kill the pathogens. The fire-resistant enclosures, floors, cages, walls, and metal products can be sterilized by fire-breathing, but great care should be taken.
2, boiled disinfection: This method is simple, convenient, economical, practical and effective, is often applied disinfection method. Most of the non-spore pathogens, fungi, rickettsia, spirochetes, and viruses died rapidly in boiling water at 100°C; most of the buds were killed by boiling for 15 to 30 minutes after being sterilized. This method is suitable for the disinfection of metal products and cooked items. Put the disinfected items in the iron pan, aluminum pan or boiler, add water, immerse, cover and boil for a certain time. Adding 1~2% soda or 0.5% soap to the water can prevent metal tools from rusting and enhance disinfection.
3, circulation steam disinfection: steam humidity (relative humidity 80 ~ 100%), high temperature (about 100 °C), circulation steam sterilization is the use of atmospheric pressure steam to achieve the purpose of disinfection. The highest temperature it can reach is the boiling temperature of the local water. This method can be used to disinfect most items such as various metals, wood, glass products and clothing, and its effect is similar to that of boiling disinfection. In rural areas, steam or steamer can be heated with iron or aluminum pans. Generally heated to boiling water for half an hour, can achieve the purpose of disinfection, but can not kill bacterial spores.
4. Dry heat disinfection: usually performed in a dry heat sterilizer (oven), suitable for disinfection of non-damaged, undamaged, and non-evaporable objects at high temperatures, and is commonly used for the disinfection and drying of laboratory glassware, metalware, etc. dry. Generally should be controlled at 160 °C for 2 hours, or 170 °C for 1 hour.
Dr. Feng Guomin, Comprehensive Group, Agricultural Technology Service Station, Longxi Town, Da’an City, Jilin Province
bale wrap netting have different sizes. usually width 1.23m,1.25m, 1.28m, 1.3m, 1.5m, etc.
Bale Wrap netting from MaoYang are made of 100% virgin material and environmental friendly.
Bale wrap netting are stacked on pallet for delivery and transport.
1.25m width*3600m bale wrap netting, 4' bale netting, 4' wrap netting
Zibo Maoyang Industry and Trading Co.,ltd , http://www.mysilage.com