Column type vegetables without soil cultivation
Column cultivation is a kind of soilless culture. This cultivation is to allow the cultivation to develop into a space through the erection of pillars without affecting the cultivation of the plane. It makes full use of the greenhouse space and solar energy, and can improve land utilization and greenhouses. Facility utilization has become resource-efficient agriculture and factory-efficient agriculture.
First, the nutrition tank
The nutrient solution tank is a device for storing a nutrient solution, which is generally a subterranean brick mud structure. Since the nutrient tank needs to be installed with a pump, it must be used where there is a power supply. The volume of the nutrient solution tank needs to be designed with a standard of 15-20 tons of water per acre of water culture area.
In order to make the nutrient solution tank watertight, watertight and non-returnable, anti-seepage material must be added, and waterproof material should be applied on the inner wall of the tank. In addition, a small 20cm square water tank should be installed at the water pump to facilitate the cleaning of the tank.
Second, plane cultivation bed
1. Bed body The bed is a device for growing nutrients and planting crops. It is made of polyphenylene. Specifications are: length 75 cm, width 96 cm, height 17 cm. In order not to allow the nutrient solution to leak and protect the bed, a black film with a thickness of 0.15 mm and a width of 1.45 meters was placed inside.
2. The cultivation plate cultivation plate is used to fix the root of the crop, prevent light from entering and dust, prevent the generation of algae, and keep the temperature of the nutrient solution stable. The cultivation board is also made of polystyrene board, which is 89 cm long, 59 cm wide, and 3 cm thick. The planting holes with a diameter of 3 cm are arranged on the top and the hole spacing is 8 cm.
3. Plane cultivation and drainage device and nutrition liquid circulation Plane cultivation bed liquid supply device is composed of water pump and iron or plastic liquid plus main pipe and liquid addition pipe, and nutrient solution can flow from the small hole into the cultivation bed. The way to replenish the nutrient solution is to pump the nutrient solution from the tank first, and then enter the cultivation bed by adding the main pipe and adding the branch pipe to maintain the water level of 5-8 cm. The nutrient solution that is higher than the discharge port, the liquid outlet port goes back to the nutrient tank through the drainage channel, and completes the planar circulation.
4. The column of cultivation column is used to support and fix the carrier of the cultivation plant and the drip box. The column consists of cement pier and iron pipe. The concrete pier is 15 cm square in size and buried underground on both sides of the hydroponic bed to fix the pillar iron pipes. The distance between the piers is 90 cm, the diameter of the iron pipes is 25-30 mm, and the length is about 2 meters. The material is made of thin-walled iron pipes. Or hard plastic pipe can be. Insert the lower end of the tube into the hole in the cement pier.
5, column cultivation é’µ cultivation é’µ plant is a planting plant on the column. The shape of the cultivars developed by the Beijing Vegetable Research Center is a hollow, six-valve body. Its specifications are 20 centimeters high, 20 centimeters in diameter, and 10 centimeters apart. The wolfberry is filled with pellets (a type of rock wool). 6 petals were planted at 6 petals. 8-9 cultivars were staggered into columns by staggering the petal positions.
6. Liquid-adding liquid back system for column cultivation This system is composed of 4 parts: water pump, adding liquid main, adding liquid branch, and drip box. The dosing main is a 40-50 mm hard drip irrigation tube. The liquid addition pipe is a 16 mm non-porous hard drip irrigation pipe. There are two hollow short handles at both ends of the drip box, which are used to connect the liquid addition pipe. There are 6 small holes around the bottom of the box to make nutrient solution flow down. The center of the bottom of the drip box is fixed above the column. The nutrient solution is pumped out of the tank by a water pump, enters the drip box through the liquid addition pipe and the liquid addition pipe, flows into the cultivation pot from the drop box, passes through the small hole at the bottom of the cultivation pot, flows into the second cultivation pot, and flows downstream. Go to the bottom of a cultivation barn, and then flow into a flat water culture bed, and then return to the nutrient solution tank to complete a cycle. In order to achieve automation, the pump can be connected to a timer and the timer controls the dosing time.
Pillar cultivation is a new cultivation method. The currently tested varieties include leafy vegetables such as Hyacinthus radix, Artemisia scoparia, erect lettuce, rapeseed, and clover.
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