Breeding management technology of meat breeding female donkey
2019-12-06 06:02:56
Breeding female donkeys refer to female donkeys that can normally breed offspring. They generally have dual tasks of enlistment and reproduction. The sign of raising well-breeding female donkeys is: Medium sensation; empty asses can be in heat on time, estrus is normal, and breeding is easy for fetuses; the fetus develops normally after pregnancy and does not suffer from miscarriage; postpartum lactation is strong.
1 Feeding and management of empty donkeys should improve the feeding level 1 to 2 months before the beginning of breeding, feed a sufficient amount of protein, minerals, and vitamin feeds, and appropriately reduce the intensity of military training. Female donkeys that are over-fertilized should be reduced. Concentrate diet, feed high-quality hay and juicy feeds, strengthen exercise, and keep the female donkey in the middle of sensation. One month before mating, check the empty female donkey and find that someone with reproductive disease needs to be treated promptly.
2 Feeding and management of pregnant female donkey In the first month after conception, the embryo is still free in the uterus. When it encounters unpleasant stimuli, it is easy to die and is absorbed. It is better to stop the service. After 1 month of gestation, you can continue as usual. During the 6 months after pregnancy, fetal weight gain was actually very slow, and after 7 months, fetal weight gain was significantly accelerated. 80% of fetal weight was completed in the last 3 months. Therefore, 6 months after the donkey is pregnant, it is necessary to reduce the intensity of exercise, strengthen nutrition, increase the amount of protein feed, and feed high quality roughage to ensure the nutritional needs of fetal development and maternal ass weight gain. If there are grazing conditions, grazing and feeding as much as possible can not only enhance exercise, but also ingest various nutrients. Late pregnancy, due to the lack of green feed, poor forage quality, if the concentrate is too little, the variety is simple, coupled with no exercise, no exercise, often lead to liver dysfunction, the formation of high blood fat and fatty liver, resulting in the excretion of toxic metabolites is not Out of pregnancy poisoning, manifested as prenatal antifeedant, the mortality rate is quite high. In order to prevent the occurrence of this disease, from the second half of pregnancy, it is necessary to appropriately adjust the diet according to the large amount of protein, minerals, and vitamins required by the developing fetus, requiring various species, supplementing the green and juicy feed, and reducing the energy feed for corn and feeding. Give digestible, laxative, soft texture feed. A few days before delivery, the total amount of hay should be reduced by 1/3, drink more warm water, and take care of it every day.
During the entire pregnancy of the female donkey, management must pay attention to the work of preventing fetuses and preventing abortions. The early abortion of the female donkey occurred in the busy autumn season and the heavy farming season. In the later period, due to improper feeding and management, such as cold housing, eating frost grass, drinking ice water, mechanical damage, hitting the cold whip, hitting the head, donkey A miscarriage is caused by eating mouldy spoilage feed. 1 month before birth, we must pay more attention to protection and observation. The small female donkey, the pelvic cavity is also small, in the case of pregnant, it is more prone to dystocia, it requires veterinary midwifery. Therefore, when you start to find prenatal symptoms, it is best to send a nearby veterinary hospital to be produced.
3 Feeding and management of nursing female donkeys
3.1 Preparation of the female donkey before childbirth The cold weather in the early spring in northern China requires a delivery room. The delivery room should be warm, dry, free from scavengers, and the light should be sufficient. One week before delivery, the maternity ward should be cleaned, and the ground should be disinfected with lime and covered with grass. Strengthen the care and pay attention to the performance of the female donkey. Prepare condoms and medicines in advance. Such as scissors, hot water, cotton, towels, disinfectants, etc. If no production conditions are met, the veterinarian may take delivery of the product.
3.2 The mother donkey's confinement and nursing female donkey usually produce calves in the middle of the night. Under normal circumstances, the female donkey does not need midwifery. Most of the female donkeys lay their calves, but they also had calving. Therefore, care should be taken to protect the baby so as not to fall. If you need a midwifery, ask the veterinarian for treatment. After the cub's head is exposed, use a towel to wipe the mucus in the baby's nose to prevent mucus from being sucked into the lungs. After the larvae have been produced, if the umbilical cord is not broken, the confinement workers can hold the umbilical cord in the direction of the cubs and squeeze them so that the umbilical cord blood flows to the cubs. Then, from the 2 to 3 fingers on the abdomen wall of the larvae, the umbilical cord was immediately soaked with a concentrated iodine tampon. If you can't stop bleeding with your fingers, sterilize it with a sterile cord. After the umbilicus is broken, the young cub should be promptly moved to the head of the female donkey to allow the female donkey to lick the cub so as to enhance the feelings of the mother and child and promote lactation of the female donkey and discharge of the placenta. 1h after delivery, the placenta can be completely discharged, and the placenta and contaminated grass bedding should be immediately removed and buried deeply. If 5-6h of the tire coat is still not discharged, the veterinarian should be consulted. To rescue the slain cubs in time, first quickly remove the mucus or amniotic fluid in the larvae, nose, and place them in the front lower back and high places, holding the forelegs of the crickets, and flexing and stretching back and forth with hands. Beat the sides of your chest to encourage the cubs to breathe. It is also possible to blow into the nasal cavity of the young, or to stimulate the nostrils with straw sticks. After calving, wash thoroughly with odorless disinfectant, such as 0.5% potassium permanganate, and dry the female donkey's breast, allowing the young to eat milk. Disinfect with 2% of Suer water, wash and wipe off the contaminated parts of the female vulva, tail, and hind legs. The maternity room was replaced with dry, clean grass. After the mother donkey gave birth, she did not notice mucus on her newborn. At this time, the confinement workers should tear off the umbilical cord and use iodine to disinfect the mucus on the pups and assist them in eating colostrum as soon as possible. In case of hemorrhoids, in order to prevent hemolytic disease, the colostrum should be suspended without serological tests, and the colostrum should be squeezed out to make up the larvae with sugar water and milk powder. After 1d, the milk can be eaten normally. milk.
3.3 Feeding and management of nursing female donkeys During the lactation period, there should be sufficient protein, vitamins and minerals in the feed. Bean cakes in mixed concentrates should account for 30% to 40%, and gluten should account for 15% to 20%. Others are grainy feeds. In order to increase the milking power, more green and juicy succulent feeds such as carrots, forage beets, potatoes, or silage should be supplemented. The conditions for putting on green should be used as much as possible. This will not only save a large amount of concentrate feed, but also have a great effect on the increase of milk yield and the growth and development of young pupae. In addition, the amount of concentrate should be increased as appropriate, depending on the nutritional status of the female donkey and the amount of lactation. There is a large amount of water needed for nursing female donkeys. Drinking water should not be less than 5 times a day. Drink enough to drink well.
In management, we must pay attention to the mother ass to restore strength as soon as possible. About 10 days after childbirth, the estrus of the female donkey should be observed for timely breeding. After the donkey commission begins, it should be light and livelihood, and gradually return to normal labor. In the military service, it is necessary to take a rest. On the one hand, it is possible to prevent the female donkey from being overworked. On the other hand, it is also possible to take care of the cubs. Usually about 2h rest once. Otherwise, it will not only affect the development of the young, but also reduce the lactating ability of the female donkey. For newborns up to 2 months of age, milk is fed once every 30 to 60 minutes, 1 to 2 minutes each time, after which the number of suckings can be appropriately reduced.
1 Feeding and management of empty donkeys should improve the feeding level 1 to 2 months before the beginning of breeding, feed a sufficient amount of protein, minerals, and vitamin feeds, and appropriately reduce the intensity of military training. Female donkeys that are over-fertilized should be reduced. Concentrate diet, feed high-quality hay and juicy feeds, strengthen exercise, and keep the female donkey in the middle of sensation. One month before mating, check the empty female donkey and find that someone with reproductive disease needs to be treated promptly.
2 Feeding and management of pregnant female donkey In the first month after conception, the embryo is still free in the uterus. When it encounters unpleasant stimuli, it is easy to die and is absorbed. It is better to stop the service. After 1 month of gestation, you can continue as usual. During the 6 months after pregnancy, fetal weight gain was actually very slow, and after 7 months, fetal weight gain was significantly accelerated. 80% of fetal weight was completed in the last 3 months. Therefore, 6 months after the donkey is pregnant, it is necessary to reduce the intensity of exercise, strengthen nutrition, increase the amount of protein feed, and feed high quality roughage to ensure the nutritional needs of fetal development and maternal ass weight gain. If there are grazing conditions, grazing and feeding as much as possible can not only enhance exercise, but also ingest various nutrients. Late pregnancy, due to the lack of green feed, poor forage quality, if the concentrate is too little, the variety is simple, coupled with no exercise, no exercise, often lead to liver dysfunction, the formation of high blood fat and fatty liver, resulting in the excretion of toxic metabolites is not Out of pregnancy poisoning, manifested as prenatal antifeedant, the mortality rate is quite high. In order to prevent the occurrence of this disease, from the second half of pregnancy, it is necessary to appropriately adjust the diet according to the large amount of protein, minerals, and vitamins required by the developing fetus, requiring various species, supplementing the green and juicy feed, and reducing the energy feed for corn and feeding. Give digestible, laxative, soft texture feed. A few days before delivery, the total amount of hay should be reduced by 1/3, drink more warm water, and take care of it every day.
During the entire pregnancy of the female donkey, management must pay attention to the work of preventing fetuses and preventing abortions. The early abortion of the female donkey occurred in the busy autumn season and the heavy farming season. In the later period, due to improper feeding and management, such as cold housing, eating frost grass, drinking ice water, mechanical damage, hitting the cold whip, hitting the head, donkey A miscarriage is caused by eating mouldy spoilage feed. 1 month before birth, we must pay more attention to protection and observation. The small female donkey, the pelvic cavity is also small, in the case of pregnant, it is more prone to dystocia, it requires veterinary midwifery. Therefore, when you start to find prenatal symptoms, it is best to send a nearby veterinary hospital to be produced.
3 Feeding and management of nursing female donkeys
3.1 Preparation of the female donkey before childbirth The cold weather in the early spring in northern China requires a delivery room. The delivery room should be warm, dry, free from scavengers, and the light should be sufficient. One week before delivery, the maternity ward should be cleaned, and the ground should be disinfected with lime and covered with grass. Strengthen the care and pay attention to the performance of the female donkey. Prepare condoms and medicines in advance. Such as scissors, hot water, cotton, towels, disinfectants, etc. If no production conditions are met, the veterinarian may take delivery of the product.
3.2 The mother donkey's confinement and nursing female donkey usually produce calves in the middle of the night. Under normal circumstances, the female donkey does not need midwifery. Most of the female donkeys lay their calves, but they also had calving. Therefore, care should be taken to protect the baby so as not to fall. If you need a midwifery, ask the veterinarian for treatment. After the cub's head is exposed, use a towel to wipe the mucus in the baby's nose to prevent mucus from being sucked into the lungs. After the larvae have been produced, if the umbilical cord is not broken, the confinement workers can hold the umbilical cord in the direction of the cubs and squeeze them so that the umbilical cord blood flows to the cubs. Then, from the 2 to 3 fingers on the abdomen wall of the larvae, the umbilical cord was immediately soaked with a concentrated iodine tampon. If you can't stop bleeding with your fingers, sterilize it with a sterile cord. After the umbilicus is broken, the young cub should be promptly moved to the head of the female donkey to allow the female donkey to lick the cub so as to enhance the feelings of the mother and child and promote lactation of the female donkey and discharge of the placenta. 1h after delivery, the placenta can be completely discharged, and the placenta and contaminated grass bedding should be immediately removed and buried deeply. If 5-6h of the tire coat is still not discharged, the veterinarian should be consulted. To rescue the slain cubs in time, first quickly remove the mucus or amniotic fluid in the larvae, nose, and place them in the front lower back and high places, holding the forelegs of the crickets, and flexing and stretching back and forth with hands. Beat the sides of your chest to encourage the cubs to breathe. It is also possible to blow into the nasal cavity of the young, or to stimulate the nostrils with straw sticks. After calving, wash thoroughly with odorless disinfectant, such as 0.5% potassium permanganate, and dry the female donkey's breast, allowing the young to eat milk. Disinfect with 2% of Suer water, wash and wipe off the contaminated parts of the female vulva, tail, and hind legs. The maternity room was replaced with dry, clean grass. After the mother donkey gave birth, she did not notice mucus on her newborn. At this time, the confinement workers should tear off the umbilical cord and use iodine to disinfect the mucus on the pups and assist them in eating colostrum as soon as possible. In case of hemorrhoids, in order to prevent hemolytic disease, the colostrum should be suspended without serological tests, and the colostrum should be squeezed out to make up the larvae with sugar water and milk powder. After 1d, the milk can be eaten normally. milk.
3.3 Feeding and management of nursing female donkeys During the lactation period, there should be sufficient protein, vitamins and minerals in the feed. Bean cakes in mixed concentrates should account for 30% to 40%, and gluten should account for 15% to 20%. Others are grainy feeds. In order to increase the milking power, more green and juicy succulent feeds such as carrots, forage beets, potatoes, or silage should be supplemented. The conditions for putting on green should be used as much as possible. This will not only save a large amount of concentrate feed, but also have a great effect on the increase of milk yield and the growth and development of young pupae. In addition, the amount of concentrate should be increased as appropriate, depending on the nutritional status of the female donkey and the amount of lactation. There is a large amount of water needed for nursing female donkeys. Drinking water should not be less than 5 times a day. Drink enough to drink well.
In management, we must pay attention to the mother ass to restore strength as soon as possible. About 10 days after childbirth, the estrus of the female donkey should be observed for timely breeding. After the donkey commission begins, it should be light and livelihood, and gradually return to normal labor. In the military service, it is necessary to take a rest. On the one hand, it is possible to prevent the female donkey from being overworked. On the other hand, it is also possible to take care of the cubs. Usually about 2h rest once. Otherwise, it will not only affect the development of the young, but also reduce the lactating ability of the female donkey. For newborns up to 2 months of age, milk is fed once every 30 to 60 minutes, 1 to 2 minutes each time, after which the number of suckings can be appropriately reduced.
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