As the only child's father, gave birth to the "uncle" baby, this is what happened?
Release date: 2017-05-04
Recently, an article entitled "A DNA test of a couple's father is actually an uncle's, swearing" article is circulated on the Internet and WeChat. The article is about a couple passing a test-tube baby and getting a healthy baby, and the DNA identification shows that the child is not his father, which is very embarrassing. But because it is a test-tube baby, there is no possibility of a "green hat". So what is going on? Further testing is even more jaw-dropping – several DNA tests indicate that the child is an uncle or a dad's brother. But the point is coming, Dad is the only child and has no brothers.
So, how did this incredible magical event happen? The Science and Technology Daily reporter interviewed relevant experts.
Uncle does not exist, become a child?
Dad "eats" his uncle and becomes a "chimera", but his uncle's DNA is still in his father's body and passed on to the child.
The couple in the article are a couple of American couples. When the couple encounters such strange things and is puzzled, a doctor realizes that the child's father is likely to be a human "chimera."
Li Junnan, co-founder of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and the doctor of Maternal and Maternal Medicine, told the Science Daily reporter on April 27 that there are two or more sets of cell populations with different numbers or compositions of chromosomes in one individual. This individual is called a "chimera." "In this case, science is actually the child's father has an unborn twin brother. The cell and gene of this unborn brother are 'eat' absorbed by the child's father in the early pregnancy, and finally the two embryos are combined into one. The embryo, while the IVF inherits another set of genes that the father absorbed from the unborn twin brother."
Indeed, as Li Junnan said, later, the DNA Diagnostic Center used the man's oral mucosal cell test gene to confirm that the IVF was not the child's child, but tested the man's semen and found that 10% of the cells' genes were in agreement with the baby. It is confirmed that the man is indeed a "chimera" and the father of the baby is the twin brother whose man has disappeared. The man has a very obvious two skin color from childhood, and this strange feature also confirms the "chimera" conjecture.
Uncle became a father is a small probability event?
"Chimera" has a very low probability of occurrence in humans but is common in nature.
Biologically, an individual consisting of cells from different zygotes (cells formed by the binding of male and female gametes), also known as "heterologous chimeras"; individuals derived from cells that develop into different karyotypes from the same zygote It is called "homology chimera", also known as "mosaic".
Fraternal twins
Clinically, "homologous chimeras" are more common than "heterologous chimeras." "The most typical example of 'homology chimerism' is hermaphrodites. For example, a normal-looking human body may have a set of male chromosomes and a set of female chromosomes." Li Jun-nan said that its formation may be due to the development of fertilized eggs. Some accidents have occurred, such as mitosis not separated or chromosome loss. "Heterogenous chimeras" are very rare. According to reports, there are only about 100 human "chimera" cases reported by global medical papers. Professor Yang Xiaohang, a national “Thousand Talents Program†and a professor of genetics at Zhejiang University School of Medicine, said in an interview with the media that “unilateral chimerism†is a less probable event in terms of current research. “First of all, the probability of fraternal twins is quite small. Then let the absorbed cells with different genes survive, and the probability is even smaller. In the above case, the surviving gene is still in the form of sperm. Expressed, and just fertilized with the mother's egg cells, and eventually grow into a fetus. This kind of thing theoretically can not rule out the possibility of occurrence, but the probability of occurrence can be said to be extremely low."
Although "chimera" is a small probability event for humans, it is not unusual in nature. "In the natural world, there are many 'chimeras' in a broad sense. The most easy to understand is the scorpion that the scorpion and the horse are mating, and the 'chimera' of the plant is more. The hybrid and transgenic plants are actually 'chimeras'. Li Jun-nan said.
Will the father who "eats" his brother be different?
"Chimera" people are difficult to see from the outside, but may have organ malformations, mental retardation or birth defects
So, how to distinguish which person is a "chimera" in real life, and who is not?
"It is generally not easy to see from the outside." Li Junnan said. As for the skin color of the child and dad mentioned above, and the different colors of the pupils of the two eyes that are considered to distinguish the "chimera" person, "this is relatively rare, and most of the cases can only pass. Parent-child identification to identify." According to the literature, the discovery of many "chimeras" in recent years is mostly because the father "born" the baby through assisted reproductive technology, and found the truth of the "chimera" in the later paternity test. Most of this happens in people with fertility disorders.
In addition to the possible birth defects, what effect does the “chimera†have on people?
According to analysis by obstetrics and gynaecologists, the clinical manifestations of "chimera" people are related to the number and type of abnormal chromosomes in the "chimera". The higher the proportion of abnormal numbers, the more the patients tend to homozygous abnormalities, the abnormal number The smaller the proportion, the more the patient tends to be normal; at the same time, the clinical manifestation of the patient is also related to the type of abnormal chromosome, such as the number of chimeric autosomes or structural abnormalities, the patient may be accompanied by organ malformation or multiple deformities, even mental retardation, and embedded The number or structure of the sex chromosomes is abnormal. The patient may have abnormal organ malformation or mental retardation, but it often shows abnormal genital development and low fertility after puberty.
Do you dare to say that everything in your body is your own?
Pregnancy, blood transfusion, and bone marrow transplantation can lead to "micro-chimerism", that is, a small part of a person's cells come from other people.
Although the phenomenon of "chimera" is very rare, it is more common to have a phenomenon called "microchimerism", that is, a small part of a person's cells are from other people.
This phenomenon usually occurs in pregnant women, and a small number of fetal cells are integrated into the blood of pregnant women and transmitted to different organs. In 2015, a study showed that this phenomenon occurs almost or temporarily in all pregnant women. The researchers tested the kidneys, liver, spleen, lungs, heart and brain of 26 women. Some of these women died of fetal death during pregnancy, and some had a one-month delivery, but they were all boys. As a result, the researchers found that fetal cells exist in all tissues of these women because they contain the Y chromosome of the male fetus.
In addition, a person may also become a "microchimerism" when undergoing a bone marrow transplant. The bone marrow contains stem cells that can develop into blood cells, which means that patients receiving bone marrow transplants will have blood cells from donors. The same is true for accepting blood transfusions from others.
Other studies have also shown that "microchimerism" cells can survive in new hosts for 40 years, and people with more "microchimeras" are more likely to develop certain autoimmune diseases, but breast and thyroid cancers. Risks are reduced and may last longer.
"Although the number of 'microchimerism' cells is very small, their influence may be enormous and has been used clinically." Li Junnan said, for example, the non-invasive DNA prenatal testing program commonly used in obstetrics is drawn through The technique of screening pregnant women's peripheral blood for some fetal diseases is done using this "micro-chimera" principle.
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"Weird" events caused by "chimera"
The media reported that in 2002, a British girl divorced during pregnancy. After the child is born, she goes to apply for social assistance and applies to the hospital for a DNA paternity test to prove her kinship with the child. However, the results of the identification showed that her baby had no blood relationship with her. The girl was therefore accused of abducting children and defrauding social welfare. The court forced her to separate from the child and did not accept the birth certificate given by the hospital at the time the child was born. Later, the girl was pregnant with another child. The judge asked to record the entire production process and asked her to take the blood samples of her and the children immediately after the birth of the child. Two weeks later, the test showed that she was not the mother of the baby. Further research revealed that the girl was also a "chimera", and the DNA of her hair and skin was completely different from the DNA of her uterus. So her baby inherits the DNA of her uterus and ovaries. The court finally revoked the lawsuit.
Source: Technology Daily (Week Signal kjrbwx)
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