Apple tree antifreeze technology

In recent days, snowfall has occurred in most parts of China. Cold temperatures can easily cause freezing damage to apple trees, affecting the growth of fruit trees and the income of farmers. So, how should the orchard prevent freezing damage in the early days after the snowfall? To this end, this issue of the topic for the majority of fruit farmers friends introduced the freezing solution of apple trees, in order to provide scientific guidance to the majority of fruit farmers.

Apple trees need to be managed in a timely manner

During winter snowfall, apple plants often suffer from plant death due to freezing of saplings, causing great economic losses to farmers. At present, a large-scale cooling and snowfall across the country, this temperature change can easily lead to the occurrence of low-temperature freeze-thaw plants growing excessively, so take measures to prevent freezing injury prevention is essential for orchard management.

The main symptoms

Apple frost damage occurs mainly in saplings or early fruit trees from 2 to 5 years of age, and freezing lesions appear on the trunk of young trees. After the plants are frozen, they will not show symptoms immediately. Generally, they will show symptoms in the spring of the second year after the temperature rises. In some young apple orchards in Yantai and Weihai, Shandong, the death of the entire tree was observed from mid-April to early May, and the rate of dead plants in seriously ill orchards even exceeded 20%. Plants with lighter freezing injury had light yellowish, hot, blister-like patches on the trunk. The cortical tissue beneath the bubble-like lesions became brown and necrotic. The epithelium of the diseased plants was water-soaked, red-brown, and the tissue became soft. , Cell necrosis, xylem darkened; late-stage disease Department of dehydration dry, the appearance of typical symptoms of dry rot. After the lesions circled the trunk, the upper leaves gradually turned yellow and wilted and the plants died within 1 to 2 weeks. After the roots of the plants that had died from freezing had been picked up, the roots of the plants were intact and there were no abnormal symptoms.

cause

Freezing damage generally occurs in apple growing in an over-prosperous apple orchard. The nitrogen fertilizer is applied too much in the orchard during the young period, and the length of the autumn stop is delayed. The time for entering the dormancy period is delayed, and the nutrient accumulation level of the tree is low. In the case of sudden cooling or extremely low temperatures, the phloem is prone to freeze injury in plants with prolonged growth and insufficient nutrient accumulation in the tree. In the spring of next year, with the increase of temperature, apple bactereus or rot bacteria will infect rapidly in the frozen part, leading to necrosis of cortical tissue, aggravating the hazard of freezing injury, the leaves will gradually wilt, and the plants will die in a short time.

Prevention

Strengthen the young orchard management to strictly control the growth of the plant. In the later stage of growth, less nitrogen fertilizer should be used to prevent the plant from growing too vigorously and the leaves fall off, resulting in insufficient accumulation of nutrients in the tree.

Doing a good job of whitening trunks with white trunks can not only play a role in sterilization and pest control, but also have a good effect in preventing winter frost damage in orchard plants. In winter, when the temperature is high during the day and the trunk is dark in color, it is easy to absorb heat, so the temperature of the trunk rises quickly. At night, when the temperature is low, the temperature difference of the trunk skin changes greatly, and the trunk is easily cracked. . Plants that thrive in the autumn and stop for a long time are more prone to tree freezing and cracking of the bark. After the tree trunk is painted white, it can effectively reduce the day-night temperature difference in the trunk and keep the temperature relatively balanced. Therefore, to enter the winter, we must promptly carry out the whole park trunk whitening. The ratio of whitening agent is 10 kg of quicklime, 1 kg of sulfur powder, 0.2 kg of salt, and the water is transferred to a paste to smear the trunk.

Strengthen Early Spring Management of Plants After the spring sprouts, examine the whole plant to see if there are frozen wounds or where the color changes. If any, apply the agent in a timely manner to prevent bacteria from invading the plant from the wound and causing the disease to develop and spread.

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